Natural history of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: a paediatric disease diagnosed in adulthood

Bertrand Degos (1) , Yann Nadjar (1) , Maria del Mar Amador (1) , Foudil Lamari (1, 1, 2) , Frédéric Sedel (3) , Emmanuel Roze (1, 3) , Philippe Couvert (1) , Fanny Mochel (1, 2, 3, 1)

1 CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
2 GRC Neurométabolisme
3 ICM - Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is among the few inherited neurometabolic disorders amenable to specific treatment. It is easily diagnosed using plasma cholestanol. We wished to delineate the natural history of the most common neurological and non-neurological symptoms in thirteen patients with CTX. Diarrhea almost always developed within the first year of life. Cataract and school difficulties usually occurred between 5 and 15 years of age preceding by years the onset of motor or psychiatric symptoms. The median age at diagnosis was 24.5 years old. It appears critical to raise awareness about CTX among paediatricians in order to initiate treatment before irreversible damage occurs.

Mots clés: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis; Diarrhea; Cataract; Cerebellar ataxia; Cognitive dysfunction; Psychiatric symptoms

Domaines: Médecine humaine et pathologie

Bertrand Degos, Yann Nadjar, Maria del Mar Amador, Foudil Lamari, Frédéric Sedel, et al.. Natural history of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: a paediatric disease diagnosed in adulthood. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 2016, 11, pp.41. ⟨10.1186/s13023-016-0419-x⟩. ⟨hal-01304421⟩