The new bosonic mechanism

Rostislav Taratuta (1)

1 V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the new bosonic mechanism and new treatment of dark energy. The bosonic mechanism focuses on obtaining masses by gauge bosons without assuming the existence of Higgs boson. The hypothesis on dark energy as the energy of a postulated dark field was made and a combined gravitational-dark field was introduced. This field is the key to a specified approach and allows addressing the fundamental starting points of the mechanism. i. Complex scalar field is introduced in the description of the mechanism and is divided into two components: Goldstone-dark field and tensor-gravitational field; tensor-gravitational component outlines the physics of obtaining masses by gauge bosons and causes the existence of Goldstone-dark component, which defines physics behind the Goldstone theorem. ii. The meaning of spontaneous symmetry breaking is understood in the context of changing between ‘mixed’ and ‘pure’ states of gauge field which appears in the framework of the outlined mechanism and can apply to global and local symmetry without violating the constraint denoted by Elitzur theorem (Phys. Rev. D 12, 3978-3982, 1975); thus the process of symmetry breaking is understood differently from the standard formulation (Mandl and Shaw, 2010) used in Higgs mechanism and assumes the existence of two paths (direct and restoring). The entanglement of these two paths is quantified by entropy as a parameter, based on which paths are chosen. General theory Langrangian (for interaction) in case of ‘pure’ state of gauge field is due to the existence of one dimensional cosmic string (‘Mexican hat’ potential); General theory Lagrangian (for non-interaction) in case of ‘mixed’ state of gauge field is due to dark energy as the restoring force to restore state of symmetry from local to global and thus flattening potential from ‘Mexican hat’-type to Goldstone-type. This means that physics of Lagrangian appearance in the proposed mechanism very different from Higgs approach. iii. Noted mechanism incorporates Fierz-Pauli approach (Proc. Roy. Soc. London. A 173, 211-232, 1939) for particles of arbitrary spin and is further developed based on the outlined hypothesis, thus distinguishing between presented theory and other theories (i.e., Massive gravity) from the perspective of relevancy to the Fiertz and Pauli thesis. It is shown that diffeomorphism invariance is preserved in the noted mechanism and interaction with matter is allowed. Higgs scalar is obtained within the scope of the presented approach and is included as a part of the mathematical expression, which describes obtaining mass by vector gauge boson. The noted scalar has properties consistent with the properties of Higgs scalar observed in the Standard Model. iv.A possibility of formulating a consistent nonlinear interacting theory, which does not contradict de Wit (Phys. Rev. D 21, 358-367, 1980) and Deser's arguments (General Relativity and Gravitation 1, 9-18, 1970) was presented. v. The cancellation mechanism leading to the absence of the observable Cherenkov radiation is also addressed in this article. vi. AdS/CFT correspondence is incorporated into the framework of the outlined mechanism. vii. Mass scale structure and the diagram representing mathematical connections between the new bosonic mechanism, Einstein theory and Higgs mechanism are presented in the framework of the outlined mechanism. viii. Neutrino oscillation can be explained within the boundary of the presented approach. ix. Solution to hierarchy problem is also presented within the scope of the outlined mechanism. x. The theory addresses how fermions obtain mass as a consequence of application of mass-generation mechanism to fermions. xi. Hawking radiation can be explained in the framework of the new bosonic mechanism using the approach, which outlines in the paper the existence of barrier – black hole. xii. In the framework of the specified mechanism the renormalizability of the theory is formulated in the five-dimensional space. Dark field represents the fifth dimension possessing a dark-like Killing field. Dark-like Killing field corresponds to the conserved quantity, i.e. dark energy. As follows from the notes (E. Witten, arXiv: hist-ph/1401.8048 v1, 2014) fifth dimension can be introduced in a non-contradictory way that is still referenced from a physical standpoint to four dimensions. The physics of the fifth dimension appears as a Lorentz violation and the mechanism of cancellation of this violation is presented in the paper. xiii. The notion of time is defined as a result of mathematical consequence of T- invariance violation.

Mots clés: Quantum mechanics; Unified field theories and models

Domaines: Physique des Hautes Energies - Théorie [hep-th]

Rostislav Taratuta. The new bosonic mechanism. 2016. ⟨hal-01162606v7⟩