Cometary Isotopic Measurements

Dominique Bockelée-Morvan (1) , Ursina Calmonte (2) , Steven B Charnley (3) , Jean Duprat (4) , Cécile Engrand (4) , Adeline Gicquel (5) , Myrtha Hässig (6) , Emmanuël Jehin (7) , Hideyo Kawakita (8) , Bernard Marty (9) , Andrew Morse (10) , Stefanie N Milam (3) , Philippe Rousselot (11) , Eva Wirström (12) , Simon Sheridan (10)

1 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
2 WP - Space Research and Planetary Sciences [Bern)
3 Astrochemistry Laboratory [Greenbelt]
4 CSNSM - Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière
5 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
6 SwRI - Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio]
7 Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège]
8 Koyama Astronomical Observatory [Kyoto-City]
9 CRPG - Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques
10 OU - The Open University [Milton Keynes]
11 UTINAM - Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213)
12 OSO - Onsala Space Observatory

Isotopic ratios in comets provide keys for the understanding of the origin of cometary material, and the physical and chemical conditions in the early Solar Nebula. We review here measurements acquired on the D/H, N-14/N-15, O-16/O-18, C-12/C-13, and S-32/S-34 ratios in cometary grains and gases, and discuss their cosmogonic implications. The review includes analyses of potential cometary material available in collections on Earth, recent measurements achieved with the Herschel Space Observatory, large optical telescopes, and Rosetta, as well as recent results obtained from models of chemical-dynamical deuterium fractionation in the early solar nebula. Prospects for future measurements are presented.

Keywords: Comets; Isotopes; Interplanatary dust particules; O1 Hale-bopp; Low-Mass; Dark clouds; Abundance ratios; Solar-system; Grain surface chemistry; Dense interstellar clouds; Ultracarbonaceous antarctic micrometeorites

Domains: Physics [physics]; Astrophysics [astro-ph]; Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]

Dominique Bockelée-Morvan, Ursina Calmonte, Steven B Charnley, Jean Duprat, Cécile Engrand, et al.. Cometary Isotopic Measurements. Space Science Reviews, 2015, 197 (1-4), pp.47-83. ⟨10.1007/s11214-015-0156-9⟩. ⟨hal-03722557⟩