Planck 2013 Results. XXIV. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity

P.A.R. Ade , N. Aghanim , C. Armitage-Caplan , M. Arnaud , M. Ashdown , F. Atrio-Barandela , J. Aumont , C. Baccigalupi , A. J. Banday , R. B. Barreiro , J.G. Bartlett (1, 2) , N. Bartolo , E. Battaner , K. Benabed , A. Benoît (3) , A. Benoit-Lévy , J. -P. Bernard , M. Bersanelli , P. Bielewicz , J. Bobin , J. J. Bock , A. Bonaldi , L. Bonavera , J. R. Bond , J. Borrill , F. R. Bouchet , M. Bridges , M. Bucher (2) , C. Burigana , R. C. Butler , J.-F. Cardoso (2) , A. Catalano (4, 5) , A. Challinor , A. Chamballu , L. -y Chiang , H. C. Chiang , P. R. Christensen , S. Church , D. L. Clements , S. Colombi , L. P. L. Colombo , F. Couchot (6) , A. Coulais (5) , B. P. Crill , A. Curto , F. Cuttaia , R. D. Davies , R. J. Davis , P. de Bernardis , A. de Rosa , G. de Zotti , J. Delabrouille (7, 2) , J. -M. Delouis , F. -X. Désert , J. M. Diego , H. Dole , S. Donzelli , O. Doré , M. Douspis , A. Ducout , J. Dunkley , X. Dupac , G. Efstathiou , F. Elsner , T. A. Ensslin , H. K. Eriksen , J. Fergusson , F. Finelli , O. Forni , M. Frailis , E. Franceschi , S. Galeotta , K. Ganga (2) , M. Giard , Y. Giraud-Héraud (2) , J. González-Nuevo , K. M. Górski , Serge Gratton , A. Gregorio , A. Gruppuso , F. K. Hansen , D. Hanson , D. Harrison , A. Heavens , S. Henrot-Versillé (6) , C. Hernández-Monteagudo , D. Herranz , S. R. Hildebrandt , E. Hivon , M. Hobson , W. A. Holmes , A. Hornstrup , W. Hovest , K. M. Huffenberger , T. R. Jaffe , A. H. Jaffe , W. C. Jones , M. Juvela , E. Keihänen , R. Keskitalo , T. S. Kisner , J. Knoche , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , F. Lacasa , Guilaine Lagache , A. Lähteenmäki , J. -M. Lamarre (5) , A. Lasenby , R. J. Laureijs , C. R. Lawrence , J. P. Leahy , R. Leonardi , J. Lesgourgues , A. Lewis , M. Liguori , P. B. Lilje , M. Linden-Vørnle , M. López-Caniego , P. M. Lubin , J.F. Macías-Pérez (4) , B. Maffei , D. Maino , N. Mandolesi , A. Mangilli , D. Marinucci , M. Maris , D. J. Marshall , P. G. Martin , E. Martínez-González , S. Masi , S. Matarrese , F. Matthai , P. Mazzotta , A. Melchiorri , L. Mendes , A. Mennella , M. Migliaccio , Subhabrata Mitra , M. -A. Miville-Deschênes , A. Moneti , L. Montier , G. Morgante , D. Mortlock , A. Moss , D. Munshi , P. Naselsky , P. Natoli , C. B. Netterfield , H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen , F. Noviello , D. Novikov , I. Novikov , S. Osborne , C. A. Oxborrow , F. Paci , L. Pagano , F. Pajot , D. Paoletti , G. Patanchon (2) , H. V. Peiris , O. Perdereau (6) , L. Perotto (4) , F. Perrotta , F. Piacentini , M. Piat (2) , E. Pierpaoli , D. Pietrobon , Stéphane Plaszczynski (6) , E. Pointecouteau , G. Polenta , N. Ponthieu , L. Popa , T. Poutanen , G. W. Pratt , G. Prézeau , S. Prunet , J. -L. Puget , J. P. Rachen , B. Racine (2) , R. Rebolo , M. Reinecke , M. Remazeilles (2) , C. Renault (4) , A. Renzi , S. Ricciardi , T. Riller , I. Ristorcelli , G. Rocha , C. Rosset (2) , G. Roudier (2, 5) , J. A. Rubiño-Martín , B. Rusholme , M. Sandri , D. Santos (4) , G. Savini , D. Scott , M. D. Seiffert , E. P. S. Shellard , K. Smith , L. D. Spencer , Jean-Luc Starck , V. Stolyarov , Radek Stompor (2) , R. Sudiwala , R. Sunyaev , F. Sureau , D. Sutton , A. -S. Suur-Uski , J. -F. Sygnet , J. A. Tauber , D. Tavagnacco , L. Terenzi , L. Toffolatti , M. Tomasi , M. Tristram (6) , M. Tucci (6) , J. Tuovinen , L. Valenziano , J. Valiviita , B. van Tent , J. Varis , P. Vielva , Francesca Villa , N. Vittorio , L. A. Wade , B. D. Wandelt , S. D. M. White , M. White , D. Yvon , A. Zacchei , A. Zonca

1 APC - Cosmologie
2 APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
3 NEEL - HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications
4 LPSC - Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie
5 LERMA - Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique
6 LAL - Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire
7 APC-Gravitation - APC - Gravitation

The Planck nominal mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps yield unprecedented constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). Using three optimal bispectrum estimators, separable template-fitting (KSW), binned, and modal, we obtain consistent values for the primordial local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes, quoting as our final result f_NL^local=2.7 +/- 5.8, f_NL^equil= -42 +/- 75, and f_NL^ortho= -25 +/- 39 (68% CL statistical); and we find the Integrated-Sachs-Wolfe-lensing bispectrum expected in the LambdaCDM scenario. The results are based on comprehensive cross-validation of these estimators on Gaussian and non-Gaussian simulations, are stable across component separation techniques, pass an extensive suite of tests, and are confirmed by skew-C_l, wavelet bispectrum and Minkowski functional estimators. Beyond estimates of individual shape amplitudes, we present model-independent, three-dimensional reconstructions of the Planck CMB bispectrum and thus derive constraints on early-Universe scenarios that generate primordial NG, including general single-field models of inflation, excited initial states (non-Bunch-Davies vacua), and directionally-dependent vector models. We provide an initial survey of scale-dependent feature and resonance models. These results bound both general single-field and multi-field model parameter ranges, such as the speed of sound, c_s \geq 0.02 (95% CL), in an effective field theory parametrization, and the curvaton decay fraction r_D \geq 0.15 (95% CL). The Planck data put severe pressure on ekpyrotic/cyclic scenarios. The amplitude of the four-point function in the local model tau_NL< 2800 (95% CL). Taken together, these constraints represent the highest precision tests to date of physical mechanisms for the origin of cosmic structure.

Mots clés: cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; cosmology: theory; early Universe; inflation; methods: data analysis

Domaines: Cosmologie et astrophysique extra-galactique [astro-ph.CO]; Cosmologie et astrophysique extra-galactique [astro-ph.CO]

P.A.R. Ade, N. Aghanim, C. Armitage-Caplan, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, et al.. Planck 2013 Results. XXIV. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2014, 571, pp.A24. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201321554⟩. ⟨in2p3-00804189⟩