Mass testing and characterization of 20-inch PMTs for JUNO

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1 IPHC - Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien
2 IJCLab - Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie
3 SUBATECH - Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées
4 CENBG - Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan
5 CPPM - Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille

Main goal of the JUNO experiment is to determine the neutrino mass ordering using a 20kt liquid-scintillator detector. Its key feature is an excellent energy resolution of at least 3 % at 1 MeV, for which its instruments need to meet a certain quality and thus have to be fully characterized. More than 20,000 20-inch PMTs have been received and assessed by JUNO after a detailed testing program which began in 2017 and elapsed for about four years. Based on this mass characterization and a set of specific requirements, a good quality of all accepted PMTs could be ascertained. This paper presents the performed testing procedure with the designed testing systems as well as the statistical characteristics of all 20-inch PMTs intended to be used in the JUNO experiment, covering more than fifteen performance parameters including the photocathode uniformity. This constitutes the largest sample of 20-inch PMTs ever produced and studied in detail to date, i.e. 15,000 of the newly developed 20-inch MCP-PMTs from Northern Night Vision Technology Co. (NNVT) and 5,000 of dynode PMTs from Hamamatsu Photonics K. K.(HPK).

Mots clés: photomultiplier; JUNO; quality: monitoring; energy resolution; performance

Domaines: Instrumentations et Détecteurs [physics.ins-det]; Physique des Hautes Energies - Expérience [hep-ex]

Angel Abusleme, Thomas Adam, Shakeel Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmed, Sebastiano Aiello, et al.. Mass testing and characterization of 20-inch PMTs for JUNO. European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields, 2022, 82 (12), pp.1168. ⟨10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11002-8⟩. ⟨hal-03737679⟩