From exponential counting to pair correlations
Résumé
We prove an abstract result on the correlations of pairs of elements in an exponentially growing discrete subset $\mathcal E$ of $[0,+\infty[\,$ endowed with a weight function. Assume that there exist $\alpha\in\mathbb R$, $c,\delta>0$ such that, as $t\to+\infty$, the weighted number $\widetilde\omega(t)$ of elements of $\mathcal E$ that are not greater than $t$ is equivalent to $c\,t^\alpha e^{\delta t}$. We prove that the distribution function of the unscaled differences of elements of $\mathcal E$ is $t\mapsto\frac\delta 2\,e^{-|t|}$, and that, under an error term assumption on $\widetilde\omega(t)$, the pair correlation with a scaling with polynomial growth exhibits a Poissonian behaviour. We apply this result to answer a question of Pollicott and Sharp on the pair correlations of closed geodesics and common perpendiculars in negatively curved manifolds and metric graphs.