Indikatorengestützte Analyse der Einflussnahme von Investoren auf die kommunale Planung am Beispiel der stadtplanerischen Standorteignung
Indicator-based analysis of investors's influence on municipal planning using the example of urban location suitability
Résumé
Within their localization strategy, investors often have precise ideas of the best location for their project, on the basis of specific local characteristics. Large-scale retail chains, often because of accessibility concerns, wish to locate themselves in the immediate proximity of the town, but outside of it, as well as on greenfield. Often no planning regulations apply to these areas so that a local development plan (Bebauungsplan) has normally to be drawn up. However, the land-use plan governing the local development plan could foresee no special area for large-scale retail stores. A modification of this
planning tool, which is binding for the local authorities, becomes thus necessary. Furthermore, large scale retail projects often produce impacts on nature and landscape. Compensation measures become then necessary or replacement measures, when compensations are not feasible locally. The paper deals with the example of the international furniture chain IKEA. It shows the existence of investor’s influence on municipal planning in Germany as far as the location suitability is concerned from a planning point of view. It also suggests that this influence could depend on city-size. Other proposed influencing factors are regional planning cultures (above- or below-average land consumption of States when compared with German federalaverage) and availability of agricultural land within the municipality.