Neutrophils to Lymphocytes Ratio (NLR) Variation in Relationship with Childhood Maltreatment in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Sebastien Guillaume (1) , Philippe Courtet (1) , Eric Renard (1) , Laurent Maïmoun (2, 3) , Antoine Avignon (4) , Ariane Sultan (2, 3) , Patrick Lefebvre (1) , Maude Seneque (1) , Sami Richa (4) , Ghassan Sleilaty (4) , Nathan Risch (1) , Rami Bou Khalil (4)

1 UM - Université de Montpellier
2 PhyMedExp - Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046]
3 CHRU Montpellier - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
4 USJ - Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth

Abstract Purpose: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious mental illness that is frequently accompanied with a history of childhood maltreatment (CM) which may constitute a specific ecophenotype of the eating disorder necessitating special assessment and management. Chronic stress inflicted by CM in patients with AN may manifest through increased low grade inflammation reflected by an increase in ratios from white blood cells count such as neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PLR) and monocytes to lymphocytes ratio (MLR). Methods: N=206 participants were evaluated in an eating disorders daycare unit in Montpellier, France between March 2013 and January 2020. CM was assessed using childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ). AN clinical severity was assessed using eating disorder examination (EDE-Q). The MINI was used to assess other clinical characteristics. Results: NLR has been found to be higher in patients with AN and a history of CM (p=0.029) as well as in patients with AN and a history of emotional abuse (p=0.021) when compared to patients with AN and without a history of CM. In the multivariate analysis, emotional abuse (β=0.17; p=0.027) contributed significantly to NLR’s variability. Conclusion: NLR is a low grade inflammation marker that is influenced by multiple sociodemographic, clinical and biological factors in patients with AN. It is more directly affected by certain subtypes of CM, especially emotional abuse than by the presence or absence of a history of CM. Future studies may focus on mediators between CM and increased inflammation such as interoceptive awareness, emotional dysregulation, food addiction and stress-sensitization. Level of evidence: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies

Mots clés: Anorexia Nervosa; Childhood Trauma; Inflammation; NLR; Emotional Abuse

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Sebastien Guillaume, Philippe Courtet, Eric Renard, Laurent Maïmoun, Antoine Avignon, et al.. Neutrophils to Lymphocytes Ratio (NLR) Variation in Relationship with Childhood Maltreatment in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Retrospective Cohort Study. 2022. ⟨hal-03403734⟩