A More Interpretable Classifier for Multiple Sclerosis

Valentine Wargnier-Dauchelle (1, 2) , Thomas Grenier (1, 3) , Françoise Durand-Dubief (4, 1, 2) , François Cotton (5, 1, 2) , Michaël Sdika (1, 3)

1 CREATIS - Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé
2 RMN et optique : De la mesure au biomarqueur
3 MYRIAD - Modeling & analysis for medical imaging and Diagnosis
4 HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Departement de Neurologie
5 HCL - Hospices Civils de Lyon

Over the past years, deep learning proved its effectiveness in medical imaging for diagnosis or segmentation. Nevertheless, to be fully integrated in clinics, these methods must both reach good performances and convince area practitioners about their interpretability. Thus, an interpretable model should make its decision on clinical relevant information as a domain expert would. With this purpose, we propose a more interpretable classifier focusing on the most widespread autoimmune neuroinflammatory disease: multiple sclerosis. This disease is characterized by brain lesions visible on MRI (Magnetic Resonance Images) on which diagnosis is based. Using Integrated Gradients attributions, we show that the utilization of brain tissue probability maps instead of raw MR images as deep network input reaches a more accurate and interpretable classifier with decision highly based on lesions.

Mots clés: Multiple sclerosis; deep learning; attribution maps; MRI; tissue probability maps

Domaines: Informatique [cs]; Intelligence artificielle [cs.AI]; Vision par ordinateur et reconnaissance de formes [cs.CV]; Imagerie médicale; Apprentissage [cs.LG]

Valentine Wargnier-Dauchelle, Thomas Grenier, Françoise Durand-Dubief, François Cotton, Michaël Sdika. A More Interpretable Classifier for Multiple Sclerosis. International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), Apr 2021, Nice, France. ⟨10.1109/ISBI48211.2021.9434074⟩. ⟨hal-03212945⟩