Effectiveness of Resistive Vibration Exercise and Whey Protein Supplementation Plus Alkaline Salt on the Skeletal Muscle Proteome Following 21 Days of Bed Rest in Healthy Males

Helena Kenny (1) , Georg Tascher (2) , Anna Ziemianin (2) , Floriane Rudwill (3) , Alexandre Zahariev (3) , Isabelle Chery (3) , Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch (4) , Marie-Pierre Barielle (5) , Martina Heer (6) , Stéphane Blanc (3) , Donal O’gorman (1) , Fabrice Bertile (2)

1 DCU - Dublin City University [Dublin]
2 DSA-IPHC - Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires
3 DEPE-IPHC - Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie
4 CNES - Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris]
5 MEDES - Institut de Médecine et de Physiologie Spatiales
6 Universität Bonn = University of Bonn

Muscle atrophy is a deleterious consequence of physical inactivity and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to decipher the mechanisms involved in disuse muscle atrophy in eight healthy men using a 21 day bed rest with a cross-over design (control, with resistive vibration exercise (RVE), or RVE combined with whey protein supplementation and an alkaline salt (NEX)). The main physiological findings show a significant reduction in whole-body fat-free mass (CON −4.1%, RVE −4.3%, NEX −2.7%, p < 0.05), maximal oxygen consumption (CON −20.5%, RVE −6.46%, NEX −7.9%, p < 0.05), and maximal voluntary contraction (CON −15%, RVE −12%, and NEX −9.5%, p < 0.05) and a reduction in mitochondrial enzyme activity (CON −30.7%, RVE −31.3%, NEX −17%, p < 0.05). The benefits of nutrition and exercise countermeasure were evident with an increase in leg lean mass (CON −1.7%, RVE +8.9%, NEX +15%, p < 0.05). Changes to the vastus lateralis muscle proteome were characterized using mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics, the findings of which suggest alterations to cell metabolism, mitochondrial metabolism, protein synthesis, and degradation pathways during bed rest. The observed changes were partially mitigated during RVE, but there were no significant pathway changes during the NEX trial. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PXD006882. In conclusion, resistive vibration exercise, when combined with whey/alkalizing salt supplementation, could be an effective strategy to prevent skeletal muscle protein changes, muscle atrophy, and insulin sensitivity during medium duration bed rest.

Mots clés: bed rest; exercise; nutrition; insulin resistance; mitochondrial metabolism; protein synthesis; protein degradation

Domaines: Alimentation et Nutrition; Physiologie [q-bio.TO]; Génomique, Transcriptomique et Protéomique [q-bio.GN]

Helena Kenny, Georg Tascher, Anna Ziemianin, Floriane Rudwill, Alexandre Zahariev, et al.. Effectiveness of Resistive Vibration Exercise and Whey Protein Supplementation Plus Alkaline Salt on the Skeletal Muscle Proteome Following 21 Days of Bed Rest in Healthy Males. Journal of Proteome Research, 2020, 19 (8), pp.3438-3451. ⟨10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00256⟩. ⟨hal-02917530⟩