A human-curated annotation of the Candida albicans genome

Burkhard Braun (1) , Marco van Het Hoog (2) , Christophe D'Enfert (3) , Mikhail Martchenko (4) , Jan Dungan (5) , Alan Kuo (5) , Diane Inglis (1) , M. Andrew Uhl (1) , Hervé Hogues (2) , Matthew Berriman (6) , Michael Lorenz (7) , Anastasia Levitin (2) , Ursula Oberholzer (2) , Catherine Bachewich (2) , Doreen Harcus (2) , Anne Marcil (2) , Daniel Dignard (2) , Tatiana Iouk (2) , Rosa Zito (2) , Lionel Frangeul (8) , Fredj Tekaia (9) , Kim Rutherford (6) , Edwin Wang (2) , Carol Munro (10) , Steve Bates (10) , Neil Gow (10) , Lois Hoyer (11) , Gerwald Köhler (5) , Joachim Morschhäuser (12) , George Newport (5) , Sadri Znaidi (13) , Martine Raymond (13) , Bernard Turcotte (14) , Gavin Sherlock (15) , Maria Costanzo (15) , Jan Ihmels (16) , Judith Berman (17) , Dominique Sanglard (18) , Nina Agabian (5) , Aaron Mitchell (19) , Alexander Johnson (20) , Malcom Whiteway (2) , André Nantel (2)

1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology
2 Environmental Biotechnology Sector - Biotechnology Research Institute
3 BPF - Biologie et Pathogénicité fongiques
4 NRC - National Research Council of Canada
5 Department of stomatology
6 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge]
7 University of Texas
8 PF4 - Intégration et Analyse Génomique (Plate-Forme 4)
9 Génétique Moléculaire des Levures
10 School of Medical Sciences
11 University of Illinois System
12 University of Würzburg
13 UdeM - Université de Montréal
14 McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
15 Sanford University School of Medecine
16 Department of Molecular Genetics
17 Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development
18 Institut de Microbiologie
19 Columbia University [New York]
20 UC San Francisco - University of California [San Francisco]

Recent sequencing and assembly of the genome for the fungal pathogen Candida albicans used simple automated procedures for the identification of putative genes. We have reviewed the entire assembly, both by hand and with additional bioinformatic resources, to accurately map and describe 6,354 genes and to identify 246 genes whose original database entries contained sequencing errors (or possibly mutations) that affect their reading frame. Comparison with other fungal genomes permitted the identification of numerous fungus-specific genes that might be targeted for antifungal therapy. We also observed that, compared to other fungi, the protein-coding sequences in the C. albicans genome are especially rich in short sequence repeats. Finally, our improved annotation permitted a detailed analysis of several multigene families, and comparative genomic studies showed that C. albicans has a far greater catabolic range, encoding respiratory Complex 1, several novel oxidoreductases and ketone body degrading enzymes, malonyl-CoA and enoyl-CoA carriers, several novel amino acid degrading enzymes, a variety of secreted catabolic lipases and proteases, and numerous transporters to assimilate the resulting nutrients. The results of these efforts will ensure that the Candida research community has uniform and comprehensive genomic information for medical research as well as for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Mots clés: FUNGAL GENOME; SHORT TANDEM REPEAT; ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY; CATABOLIC RANGE; GENOME ANNOTATION

Mots clés: BIOINFORMATIC

Domaines: Génétique

Burkhard Braun, Marco van Het Hoog, Christophe D'Enfert, Mikhail Martchenko, Jan Dungan, et al.. A human-curated annotation of the Candida albicans genome. PLoS Genetics, 2005, 1 (1), pp.36-57. ⟨10.1371/journal.pgen.0010001⟩. ⟨hal-02682460⟩