First characterization of physicochemical and biological variables of the salt wetland dayat Morsli in Oran (Algeria)

Wided Ben Bayer (1) , Nathalie Casse (2) , Mohamed Bey Baba Hamed (1) , Françoise Denis (3) , Vanina Pasqualini (4) , Marie Vaugoyeau , Aurore Caruso (2)

1 ESSBO - Ecole Supérieure en Sciences Biologiques d'Oran
2 MMS - Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160
3 BOME - Biologie des organismes marins et écosystèmes
4 SPE - Sciences pour l'environnement

Known to be on the outskirts of the city of Oran, ‘dayat Morsli’ is an endoreic wetland in western Algeria, and has suffered from many years of anthropogenic pollution (industrial and waste water). Dayat Morsli pool had never been characterized before, and the aim of this work is to understand the hydrological functions and the dynamic of this closed wetland, by monitoring biological, physical and chemical parameters for one year (2017). Water samples were collected monthly all around the lake. Measured parameters consisted of water level, pH, salinity, temperature, organic matter and phytoplankton abundance, in addition to the concentration of organic pollutants, nitrates and phosphates. The concentration of five heavy metals - cadmium, lead, iron, zinc and copper - was also determined. The results show that dayat Morsli is characterized as a salty to moderately salty wetland. The pH and salinity vary with the temperature and water level throughout themonths. The phytoplankton cell concentration decreases with decreasing depth and increasing salinity. In parallel, during the second period of the year (June–December), organic matter accumulates and sediments out, while it decomposes during the first period. Moreover, nitrates and phosphates, essential elements for phytoplanktonic development, are found at concentrations above the standards with respective concentrations of 150 mg/L (NO3) and 6 mg/L (P), maybe causing the eutrophication of the wetland. We have shown that the average concentrations of Cd and Pb in water were higher than the allowed values. This study provides a better understanding of the functioning of dayat Morsli over one year, but also of the physicochemical and biological interactions in this small closed ecosystem.Moreover, these results could be used as a basis for the rehabilitation project of this wetland.

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Wided Ben Bayer, Nathalie Casse, Mohamed Bey Baba Hamed, Françoise Denis, Vanina Pasqualini, et al.. First characterization of physicochemical and biological variables of the salt wetland dayat Morsli in Oran (Algeria). Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2019, 160, pp.103652. ⟨10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.103652⟩. ⟨hal-02345609⟩