The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO₂ from 1994 to 2007

Nicolas Gruber (1) , Dominic Clement (1) , Brendan Carter (2) , Richard A. Feely (2) , Steven M. A. C. van Heuven (3) , Mario Hoppema (4) , Masao Ishii (5) , Robert M. Key (6) , Alex Kozyr (7) , Siv K. Lauvset (8) , Claire Lo Monaco (9) , Jeremy T. Mathis (10) , Akihiko Murata (11) , Are Olsen (8) , Fiz F. Pérez (12) , Christopher L. Sabine (13) , Toste Tanhua (14) , Rik H. Wanninkhof (15)

1 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
2 PMEL - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle]
3 CIO - Centre for Isotope Research [Groningen]
4 AWI - Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine
5 MRI - Meteorological Research Institute [Tsukuba]
6 AOS Program - Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program [Princeton]
7 NCEI - NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
8 BCCR - Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
9 CYBIOM - Cycles biogéochimiques marins : processus et perturbations
10 NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
11 JAMSTEC - Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
12 CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain]
13 Department of Oceanography [Honolulu]
14 IFM-GEOMAR - Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften
15 AOML - NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory

We quantify the oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO₂ over the period 1994 to 24 2007 using observations from the global repeat hydrography program and 25 contrasting them to observations from the 1990s. Using a linear regression-based 26 method, we find a global increase in the anthropogenic CO₂ inventory of 33±4 Pg 27 C between 1994 to 2007. This is equivalent to an average uptake rate of 2.5±0.3 28 Pg C yr^-1 and represents 30±4 % of the global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions over 29 this period. While this global ocean sink estimate is consistent with the 30 expectation of the ocean uptake having increased in proportion to the rise in 31 atmospheric CO₂, substantial regional differences in storage rate are found, 32 likely owing to climate variability driven changes in ocean circulation. 33

Domaines: Géophysique [physics.geo-ph]

Nicolas Gruber, Dominic Clement, Brendan Carter, Richard A. Feely, Steven M. A. C. van Heuven, et al.. The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO₂ from 1994 to 2007. Science, 2019, 363 (6432), pp.1193-1199. ⟨10.1126/science.aau5153⟩. ⟨hal-02088162⟩