Fireplace variability in the Aurignacian. A multiscale analysis at the open-air campsite of Régismont-le-Haut (Hérault, France)
Résumé
Through the study of several contemporary fireplaces at the Aurignacian openair site of Régismont-le-Haut we will distinguish differences in the function and operation of a common-place form of archaeological vestige. To achieve this goal we rely on multiscale examination of hearths, which consists of classic planimetric and stratigraphic observation coupled with both micromorphological and geochemical analyses. Results are also compared with experimental hearths analyzed using the same methodology.
Experimental data shows clear microscopic and geochemical variations that correlate with types of fuel used in fireplaces. These variations are equally seen in archaeological samples (while controlling for post-depositional processes), which highlight whether wood or bone were used as fuel. Regarding the question of rhythms of use, our observations of thermo-altered sediments highlight the maximal intensity of fire, but not fire length or possible reutilizations. The lack of in situ residues, such as charcoal or ash lenses, makes the study of rubefied sediment limited in regards to the chronology of fireplace use.
Along with technological and spatial analysis of artifacts, these results allow us to identify strong differences between areas organized around fireplaces. The complementarity of these areas has a structuring effect on their variability, demonstrating the complex nature of the site