Perineuronal nets control visual input via thalamic recruitment of cortical PV interneurons

Giulia Faini (1, 2) , Andrea Aguirre (2, 1) , Silvia Landi (3) , Didi Lamers (3) , Tommaso Pizzorusso (4) , Gian Michele Ratto (3) , Charlotte Deleuze (2, 1) , Alberto Bacci (2, 1)

1 SU - Sorbonne Université
2 ICM - Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute
3 SNS - Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
4 UniFI - Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence = Université de Florence

In the neocortex, critical periods (CPs) of plasticity are closed following the accumulation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) around parvalbumin (PV)-positive inhibitory interneurons. However, how PNNs tune cortical function and plasticity is unknown. We found that PNNs modulated the gain of visual responses and γ-oscillations in the adult mouse visual cortex in vivo, consistent with increased interneuron function. Removal of PNNs in adult V1 did not affect GABAergic neurotransmission from PV cells, nor neuronal excitability in layer 4. Importantly, PNN degradation coupled to sensory input potentiated glutamatergic thalamic synapses selectively onto PV cells. In the absence of PNNs, increased thalamic PV-cell recruitment modulated feed-forward inhibition differently on PV cells and pyramidal neurons. These effects depended on visual input, as they were strongly attenuated by monocular deprivation in PNN-depleted adult mice. Thus, PNNs control visual processing and plasticity by selectively setting the strength of thalamic recruitment of PV cells.

Mots clés: cortical circuits; cortical plasticity; interneurons; neuroscience; perineuronal nets; synapses; visual corex; Mouse

Domaines: Neurobiologie

Giulia Faini, Andrea Aguirre, Silvia Landi, Didi Lamers, Tommaso Pizzorusso, et al.. Perineuronal nets control visual input via thalamic recruitment of cortical PV interneurons. eLife, 2018, 7, pp.e41520. ⟨10.7554/eLife.41520⟩. ⟨hal-01974162⟩