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Article Dans Une Revue Nature Microbiology Année : 2016

Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics

Maryam Tidjani Alou
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sokhna Ndongo
  • Fonction : Auteur
Niokhor Dione
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sory Ibrahima Traore
  • Fonction : Auteur
El Hadji Seck
  • Fonction : Auteur
Elodie Guilhot
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sara Bellali
  • Fonction : Auteur
Morgane Mailhe
  • Fonction : Auteur
Davide Ricaboni
  • Fonction : Auteur
Melhem Bilen
Ndeye Mery Dia Badiane
  • Fonction : Auteur
Camille Valles
  • Fonction : Auteur
Donia Mouelhi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Khoudia Diop
  • Fonction : Auteur
Esam Ibraheem Azhar
  • Fonction : Auteur
Fehmida Bibi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Muhammad Yasir
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Metagenomics revolutionized the understanding of the relations among the human microbiome, health and diseases, but generated a countless number of sequences that have not been assigned to a known microorganism(1). The pure culture of prokaryotes, neglected in recent decades, remains essential to elucidating the role of these organisms(2). We recently introduced microbial culturomics, a culturing approach that uses multiple culture conditions and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight and 16S rRNA for identification(2). Here, we have selected the best culture conditions to increase the number of studied samples and have applied new protocols (fresh-sample inoculation; detection of microcolonies and specific cultures of Proteobacteria and microaerophilic and halophilic prokaryotes) to address the weaknesses of the previous studies(3-5). We identified 1,057 prokaryotic species, thereby adding 531 species to the human gut repertoire: 146 bacteria known in humans but not in the gut, 187 bacteria and 1 archaea not previously isolated in humans, and 197 potentially new species. Genome sequencing was performed on the new species. By comparing the results of the metagenomic and culturomic analyses, we show that the use of culturomics allows the culture of organisms corresponding to sequences previously not assigned. Altogether, culturomics doubles the number of species isolated at least once from the human gut.

Dates et versions

hal-01453324 , version 1 (02-02-2017)

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Citer

Jean-Christophe J.-C. Lagier, Saber Khelaifia, Maryam Tidjani Alou, Sokhna Ndongo, Niokhor Dione, et al.. Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics. Nature Microbiology, 2016, 1 (12), ⟨10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.203⟩. ⟨hal-01453324⟩
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