Variations anatomiques et philologiques chez André Vésale
Résumé
The paper shows the part of André Vésale in the teaching of human anatomy, privileging the observation of the facts. Between others teaching methods, we remark his care to fit the protocol of the dissections to the public (audience) ; in a public dissection, in front of students, the anatomist will say nothing about morphological ou functional variations he prizes too unusual for the general knowlegde of the human body. In the De humani corporis fabrica (1543), such variations are very often anecdotal, supported by visual witness of the author or students or friends. But many differences between the descriptions in antic treatises and anatomical facts observed by dissection are not really anatomical variations ; they must be explained by the transfer of the animal model (pattern) to the human, or by variations of glossaries or by practices of divination or witchcraft.