Asymptotic enumeration of constellations and related families of maps on orientable surfaces
Résumé
We perform the asymptotic enumeration of two classes of rooted maps on orientable surfaces of genus g: m-hypermaps and m-constellations. For m=2 they correspond respectively to maps with even face degrees and bipartite maps. We obtain explicit asymptotic formulas for the number of such maps with any finite set of allowed face degrees. We also show that each of the 2g fondamental cycles of the surface contributes a factor m between the numbers of m-hypermaps and m-constellations --- for example, large maps of genus g with even face degrees are bipartite with probability tending to 1/2^{2g}. A special case of our results implies former conjectures of Z. Gao.