Granular gases: dynamics and collective effects
Résumé
We present a biased review of some of the most \"spectacular\" effects appearing in the dynamics of granular gases where the dissipative nature of the collisions leads to a rich phenomenology, exhibiting striking differences with equilibrium gases. Among these differences, the focus here is on the illustrative examples of ``Maxwell Demon\'\'-like experiment, modification of Fourier\'s law, non-equipartition of energy and non-Gaussianity of the velocity distributions. The presentation remains as non technical as possible.