Audio watermarking via EMD

Kais Khaldi (1) , Abdel-Ouahab Boudraa (2)

1 ENIT - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis
2 IRENAV - Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole Navale

In this paper a new adaptive audio watermarking algorithm based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is introduced. The audio signal is divided into frames and each one is decomposed adaptively, by EMD, into intrinsic oscillatory components called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). The watermark and the synchronization codes are embedded into the extrema of the last IMF, a low frequency mode stable under different attacks and preserving audio perceptual quality of the host signal. The data embedding rate of the proposed algorithm is 46.9–50.3 b/s. Relying on exhaustive simulations, we show the robustness of the hidden watermark for additive noise, MP3 compression, re-quantization, filtering, cropping and resampling. The comparison analysis shows that our method has better performance than watermarking schemes reported recently.

Mots clés: Empirical mode decomposition; Audio watermarking; Intrinsic mode function; Quantization index modulation; Synchronization code; Décomposition modale empirique; mode empirique; tatouage audio; modulation de l'indice de quantification; code de synchronisation

Domaines: Multimédia [cs.MM]; Théorie de l'information [cs.IT]; Traitement du signal et de l'image [eess.SP]

Kais Khaldi, Abdel-Ouahab Boudraa. Audio watermarking via EMD. IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, 2013, 21 (3), pp.675-680. ⟨10.1109/TASL.2012.2227733⟩. ⟨hal-01087064⟩