Quantitative imaging of nanometric optical path length modulations by time-averaged heterodyne holography in coherent frequency-division multiplexing regime.
Résumé
We report a demonstration of amplitude and phase imaging of out-of-plane sinusoidal vibration at nanometer scales with a heterodyne holographic interferometer. Time-averaged holograms of a phase-modulated optical field are recorded with an exposure time much longer than the modulation period. Optical heterodyning, a frequency-conversion process aimed at shifting a given radiofrequency optical side band in the sensor bandwidth, is performed with an off-axis and frequency-shifted optical local oscillator. The originality of the proposed method is to make use of a multiplexed local oscillator to address several optical side bands into the temporal bandwidth of the sensor array. This process is called coherent frequency-division multiplexing. It enables simultaneous recording and pixel-to-pixel division of two side band holograms, which permits quantitative mapping of the modulation depth of local optical path lengths yielding small optical phase modulations. Additionally, a linear frequency chirp ensures the retrieval of the local mechanical phase shift of the vibration with respect to the excitation signal, when screening a given frequency range. The proposed approach is validated by quantitative motion characterization of the lamellophone of a musical box, behaving as a group of harmonic oscillators, under weak sinusoidal excitation. Images of the vibration amplitude versus excitation frequency show the resonance of the nanometric flexural response of one individual cantilever, at which a phase hop is measured.
Domaines
Optique [physics.optics]
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