Dietary conjugated linoleic acid-enriched cheeses influence the levels of circulating n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in humans
Résumé
n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) directly and indirectly regulate lipid
metabolism, energy balance and the inflammatory response. We investigated changes to the n-3
HUFA score of healthy adults, induced by different types and amounts of conjugated linoleic acid
(CLA)-enriched (ENCH) cheeses consumed for different periods of time, compared to dietary
fish oil (FO) pills (500 mg, each containing 100 mg of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic
acids—EPA+DHA) or -linolenic acid (ALA)-rich linseed oil (4 g, containing 2 g of ALA). A significant
increase in the n-3 HUFA score was observed, in a dose-dependent manner, after administration
of the FO supplement. In terms of the impact on the n-3 HUFA score, the intake of ENCH cheese
(90 g/day) for two or four weeks was equivalent to the administration of one or two FO pills,
respectively. Conversely, the linseed oil intake did not significantly impact the n-3 HUFA score.
Feeding ENCH cheeses from different sources (bovine, ovine and caprine) for two months improved
the n-3 HUFA score by increasing plasma DHA, and the effect was proportional to the CLA content
in the cheese. We suggest that the improved n-3 HUFA score resulting from ENCH cheese intake
may be attributed to increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR- ) activity.
This study demonstrates that natural ENCH cheese is an alternative nutritional source of n-3 HUFA
in humans.
Origine : Accord explicite pour ce dépôt
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