Individual characteristics associated with changes in the contribution of plant foods to dietary intake in a French prospective cohort

Zoé Colombet (1) , Benjamin Allès (1) , Wendy Si Hassen (1) , Aurélie Lampuré (1) , Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot (1) , Sandrine Péneau (1) , Serge Hercberg (1, 2) , Caroline Méjean (3)

1 CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153) - Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité
2 Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP]
3 UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs

Purpose Rebalancing the contribution of animal- and plant-based foods is needed to achieve sustainable diet. However, little is known concerning individual characteristics that may influence intake of plant-based foods and their changes over time. We aimed to assess changes in the contribution of plant-based foods to dietary intake over time and their association with individual characteristics. Methods The contribution of plant-based foods was assessed by percent energy intake provided by plant proteins in diet (PEIPP) and a score of adherence to a pro-vegetarian diet, using repeated 24-h records in 15,615 French adults participating in the NutriNet-Santé cohort study. Associations between baseline individual characteristics and changes in the two indicators over a 4–6-year follow-up were assessed using a linear mixed model. Results At baseline, PEIPP and pro-vegetarian score were positively associated with age [β65+ = 0.80, 95% CI = (0.71, 0.88), β65+ = 3.30, 95% CI = (2.97, 3.64), respectively] and education [βpostgraduate = 0.23, 95% CI = (0.12, 0.34), βpostgraduate = 1.19, 95% CI = (0.75, 1.62)], while they were inversely associated with BMI class [βobesity = − 0.48, 95% CI = (0.56, 0.41), βobesity = − 2.31, 95% CI = (− 2.63, − 1.98)]. Men had higher PEIPP than women [β = 0.06, 95% CI = (0.01, 0.11)]. Pro-vegetarian score significantly increased over time [β = 0.23, 95% CI = (0.08, 0.37)]. The older the individual at baseline, the greater the decrease in the two indicators during follow-up. Pro-vegetarian score increased during follow-up for obese participants at baseline. Conclusions The contribution of plant-based foods was associated with several socio-demographic and economic characteristics at baseline, whereas change over time was related to age and weight status. Further analysis of individual obstacles and lever to consume plant-based foods is needed.

Mots clés: plant-based foods; plant proteins; dietary change; sustainable diet; longitudinal analysis; individual characteristics; plant protein; food change

Mots clés: aliment à base de plante; alimentation durable; protéine végétale; changement alimentaire; donnée longitudinale

Domaines: Alimentation et Nutrition; Santé publique et épidémiologie

Zoé Colombet, Benjamin Allès, Wendy Si Hassen, Aurélie Lampuré, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, et al.. Individual characteristics associated with changes in the contribution of plant foods to dietary intake in a French prospective cohort. European Journal of Nutrition, 2019, 58 (5), pp.1. ⟨10.1007/s00394-018-1752-8⟩. ⟨hal-01839190⟩