Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals potential competition in metabolic pathways between negative energy balance and response to inflammatory challenge

Juliette Bouvier-Muller (1) , Charlotte Allain (1) , Guillaume Tabouret (2) , Francis Enjalbert (1) , David Portes (3) , Celine Noirot (4) , Rachel Rupp (1) , Gilles Foucras (2)

1 GenPhySE - Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage
2 IHAP - Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse]
3 LA FAGE - Domaine expérimental de La Fage
4 MIAT INRA - Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse

Negative Energy Balance (NEB) is considered to increase susceptibility to mastitis. The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by comparing transcriptomic profiles following NEB and a concomitant mammary inflammation. Accordingly, we performed RNAseq analysis of blood cells in energy-restricted ewes and control-diet ewes at four different time points before and after intra mammary challenge with phlogogenic ligands. Blood leucocytes responded to NEB by shutting down lipid-generating processes, including cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis, probably under transcriptional control of SREBF 1. Furthermore, fatty acid oxidation was activated and glucose oxidation and transport inhibited in response to energy restriction. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to energy restriction, 64 genes were also differential in response to the inflammatory challenge. Opposite response included the activation of cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis during the inflammatory challenge. Moreover, activation of glucose oxidation and transport coupled with the increase of plasma glucose concentration in response to the inflammatory stimuli suggested a preferential utilization of glucose as the energy source during this stress. Leucocyte metabolism therefore undergoes strong metabolic changes during an inflammatory challenge, which could be in competition with those induced by energy restriction.

Mots clés: bilan énergétique; mammite; RNAseq

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Juliette Bouvier-Muller, Charlotte Allain, Guillaume Tabouret, Francis Enjalbert, David Portes, et al.. Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals potential competition in metabolic pathways between negative energy balance and response to inflammatory challenge. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7, pp.Non Paginé. ⟨10.1038/s41598-017-02391-y⟩. ⟨hal-01607548⟩