Use of Wild Type or Recombinant Lactic Acid Bacteria as an Alternative Treatment for Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Diseases: A Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Mucositis

Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho (1) , Fillipe Luiz Rosa Do Carmo (1) , Alberto de Oliveira Junior (1) , Philippe Langella (2, 3) , Jean-Marc Chatel (2, 3) , Luis Bermudez Humaran (2, 3) , Vasco Azevedo (1) , Marcela de Azevedo (1)

1 Instituto de Ciências Biológicas
2 MICALIS - MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé
3 Université Paris-Saclay

The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is highly colonized by bacterial communities, which live in a symbiotic relationship with the host in normal conditions. It has been shown that a dysfunctional interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the host immune system, known as dysbiosis, is a very important factor responsible for the development of different inflammatory conditions of the GIT, such as the idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), a complex and multifactorial disorder of the GIT. Dysbiosis has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of other GIT inflammatory diseases such as mucositis usually caused as an adverse effect of chemotherapy. As both diseases have become a great clinical problem, many research groups have been focusing on developing new strategies for the treatment of IBD and mucositis. In this review, we show that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been capable in preventing and treating both disorders in animal models, suggesting they may be ready for clinical trials. In addition, we present the most current studies on the use of wild type or genetically engineered Lstrains designed to express anti-inflammatory proteins as a promising strategy in the treatment of IBD and mucositis.

Mots clés: inflammatory bowel diseases; mucositis; lactic acid bacteria; Lactococcus lactis; genetic engineering

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho, Fillipe Luiz Rosa Do Carmo, Alberto de Oliveira Junior, Philippe Langella, Jean-Marc Chatel, et al.. Use of Wild Type or Recombinant Lactic Acid Bacteria as an Alternative Treatment for Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Diseases: A Focus on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Mucositis. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017, 8, pp.1-13. ⟨10.3389/fmicb.2017.00800⟩. ⟨hal-01602781⟩