Hydrodynamics of the dark superfluid: I. genesis of fundamental particles
Résumé
Here we consider the existence of an ubiquitous dark superfluid which fills the universe corresponding to dark energy (~70% of the universe mass-energy, also expressed in the cosmological constant) and dark matter. As in other superfluids, quantum vortices would originate, whose geometry can describe the spin of fundamental particles, suggesting the validity of a quantum hydrodynamic approach to particle physics. This seething dark superfluid would also justify the continuous formation and annihilation of virtual particles and antiparticles in quantum vacuum as vortex-antivortex pairs, letting us reinterpret quantum vacuum as hydrodynamic spontaneous fluctuations of this dark superfluid. In this case, it would be correct to say that dark energy (or rather the dark superfluid) does not interact with our baryon world unless it is hydrodynamically perturbed, in which case it could even correspond to the particles of the Standard Model. Antimatter and its absence in the universe, as well as the decay of particles may also have place in a superfluid model, completing the picture, while fundamental forces exerted by particles, such as gravity or electromagnetism, have their hydrodynamic equivalents in the Bernoulli force which may cause attraction or repulsion between quantum vortices. As regards the repulsive force attributed to dark energy in cosmology, it would depend on the internal pressure of the dark superfluid, represented by its energy density, while the cosmic microwave background at ~2.72 K would be its superfluidity temperature, consistent with those of other superfluids as He-4.
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