Laboratory leaching studies of oryzalin and diuron through three undisturbed vineyard soil columns.
Résumé
The leaching of diuron and oryzalin through undisturbed soil columns was studied in the laboratory using three vineyard soils from Vosne-Romanée (Burgundy): a rendosol, a calcosol and a vegetated calcosol. After 845 mm of simulated rainfall in 15 days, soil leachates contained higher amounts of diuron (3.2%, 11.8% and 18.8% of applied diuron, respectively) than oryzalin (0.2%, 4.9%, 3.7%, respectively). A greater proportion of soil extractable residues was obtained for diuron (42.5%, 26.8% and 32.2%, respectively) than for oryzalin (14.7%, 12% and 15.5%, respectively). The greater mobility of diuron might be related to its higher water solubility (36.4 mgl(-1) compared with 2.6 mgl(-1) for oryzalin) and smaller adsorption coefficient (400 lkg(-1), compared with 700-1100 lkg(-1) for oryzalin). The mobility of the two herbicides was greater in the two calcosols than in the rendosol, not only due to different organic carbon contents but also different soil textures and structures.