An increase in plasma adiponectin multimeric complexes follows hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss in obese and overweight premenopausal women
Résumé
Adiponectin is involved in the regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Adiponectin influences whole body insulin sensitivity and protects arterial walls against the development of atherosclerosis. Plasma adiponectin is decreased in obese, insulin resistant and type 2 diabetic patients. Adiponectin circulates in plasma as high, medium and low molecular weight form (HMW, MMW and LMW). The HMW is believed to be closely associated with insulin sensitivity. The aim of the study was to investigate whether diet-induced changes in body weight and insulin sensitivity were associated with changes in adiponectin multimeric complexes quantity. 20 overweight or obese women (age 39.4±9.5 years, BMI 32.2±6.4 kg/m2 ) underwent 12 weeks´ low caloric diet (600kcal/d less than energy requirements). Plasma samples were drawn before and after the study for biochemical analysis and Western blot detection of adiponectin multimeric complexes. The hypocaloric diet resulted in a weight reduction (89.8±16.4 kg vs 83.1±15.6 kg, p<0.001) and an improvement of whole body insulin sensitivity as measured by the Homeostasis Model Assessment Index (HOMA) (1.9±0.8 vs 1.5±0.7, p = 0.013). Increases in HMW, MMW and LMW quantities by 5.5%, 8.5% and 18.1%, respectively, were observed (p<0.05 for all the forms). Total plasma adiponectin was increased by 36% with borderline significance (p=0.08). No correlations between changes in adiponectin complexes and changes in indices of insulin sensitivity were observed. In conclusion, diet-induced weight loss improved insulin sensitivity, as well as increased the amount of HMW, MMW and LMW adiponectin complexes in plasma.
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