Strategies of attack and defence in woody plant–Phytophthora interactions

W. Oswald (1) , F. Fleischmann (1) , Daniel Rigling (2) , A. C. Coelho (3) , A. Cravador (4) , J. Diez (5) , R.J. Dalio (1) , M. Horta Jung (4) , H. Pfanz (6) , Cécile C. Robin (7) , G. Sipos (8) , A. Solla (9) , T. Cech (10) , A. Chambery (11) , S. Diamandis (12) , E. Hansen (13) , T. Jung (4) , L. B. Orlikowski (14) , J. Parke (13) , S. Prospero (2) , S. Werres (15)

1 TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich
2 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL
3 CIQA - Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve
4 UAlg - Universidade do Algarve
5 Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute
6 Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]
7 BioGeCo - Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés
8 Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection
9 UEX - Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura
10 Federal Office and Research Centre for Forests
11 Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Science, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
12 NAGREF - National Agricultural Research Foundation
13 OSU - Oregon State University
14 Resarch Institute of Horticulture
15 JKI - Julius Kühn-Institut

This review comprises both well-known and recently described Phytophthora species and concentrates on Phytophthora–woody plant interactions. First, comprehensive data on infection strategies are presented which were the basis for three models that explain invasion and spread of Phytophthora pathogens in different woody host plants. The first model describes infection of roots, the second concentrates on invasion of the trunk, and the last one summarizes infection and invasion of host plants via leaves. On the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular data, scenarios are suggested which explain the sequences of reactions that occur in susceptible and tolerant plants following infections of roots or of stem bark. Particular emphasis is paid to the significance of Phytophthora elicitins for such host–pathogen interactions. The overall goal is to shed light on the sequences of pathogenesis to better understand how Phytophthora pathogens harm their host plants.

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

W. Oswald, F. Fleischmann, Daniel Rigling, A. C. Coelho, A. Cravador, et al.. Strategies of attack and defence in woody plant–Phytophthora interactions. Forest Pathology, 2014, 44 (3), pp.169-190. ⟨10.1111/efp.12096⟩. ⟨hal-02637361⟩