Effect of three consecutive meals on the physicochemical properties of HDL and LDL in individuals with the metabolic syndrome and patients with type 2 diabetes

Peter G Scheffer (1) , Me Tushuizen (1) , Hendrikus Vermue (1) , C Rustemeijer (1) , Michaela Diamant (1) , Roger K Schindhelm (1)

1 Clinical Chemistry (PK 1X116)

Background/Objectives: Postprandial hyperlipidemia, which is exaggerated and prolonged in insulin resistant individuals, has been associated with cardiovascular disease. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether and how the composition, size, and function of HDL and LDL particles are affected in the postprandial state among males with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM), compared to controls. Subjects/Methods: Fourteen males with T2DM, 14 with the MetS , and 14 age-matched controls were given 3 standardized high-fat mixed meals (900 kcal; 50-g fat, 75-g carbohydrate, and 35-g protein) as breakfast, lunch and dinner. Blood sampling was performed just before each meal, and 4 and 8 hours after the last meal. HDL and LDL were isolated by ultracentrifugation and analyzed for their composition, particle diameter, and functional properties. Results: Postprandial triglycerides levels in plasma, HDL and LDL particles increased significantly in all groups (P<0.01). Compared to the control subjects, patients with T2DM had smaller LDL particles, and in agreement, a lower cholesterol-to-protein content in both fasting and postprandial samples. A prolonged increase in susceptibility of LDL to oxidation was found in all subjects, but was most evident in T2DM. The postprandial effect on LDL oxidation was associated with an increase in LDL triglyceride (r=0.29, P<0.05). In T2DM the anti-oxidative capacity of HDL trended to impairment after the third meal. Conclusions: Postprandial increases in triglycerides, especially in T2DM, are accompanied by pro-atherosclerotic functional changes in HDL and LDL particles.

Mots clés: atherogenesis; diabetes; HDL; LDL; metabolic syndrome; postprandial

Peter G Scheffer, Me Tushuizen, Hendrikus Vermue, C Rustemeijer, Michaela Diamant, et al.. Effect of three consecutive meals on the physicochemical properties of HDL and LDL in individuals with the metabolic syndrome and patients with type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2011, ⟨10.1038/ejcn.2011.114⟩. ⟨hal-00655424⟩