Study on the effect of grain storage and processing on deltamethrin residues in post-harvest treated wheat with regard to baby food safety requirements
Résumé
Abstract The effects of storage intervals and of milling procedures on dissipation of deltamethrin residues in post-harvest treated wheat grain were studied with the aim to obtain scientific data on compliance of the processed products with the safety requirements concerning baby foods. The insecticide formulation was applied on stored wheat at recommended rate of active ingredient 0.5 mg.kg-1 and at higher rate 4 mg.kg-1 performing the highest protective effect. The dissipation of residues and their distribution in different fractions of the milled grain were studied after various storage intervals, from 7 to 270 days after treatment. Eight fractions - bran, semolina, 3 types of groats and 3 types of flour were collected after milling of grain and analyzed for determination of pesticide residues. The residues were determined by gas chromatographic method characterized by limit of determination 0.005 mg.kg-1 - low enough for enforcement of the maximum residue level of 0.01 mg.kg-1 established by European Commission Directive for any pesticide in cereal-based foods. Deltamethrin applied post-harvest on wheat as grain protectant was distinguished by low rate of degradation on the grain under practical storage conditions. 180 days after treatment at application rate 0.5 mg.kg-1 the residues were between 0.03 and 0.2 mg.kg-1 in the various types of flour. 270 days after treatment at rate 4 mg.kg-1 the residues in flour were in the range 0.4 - 1.5 mg.kg-1. Keywords: deltamethrin, wheat grain, post-harvest treatment, residues, processed products, baby food
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