Contribution of water and cooked rice to an estimation of the dietary intake of inorganic arsenic in a rural village of West Bengal, India
Résumé
Arsenic contamination of rice plants by arsenic polluted irrigation groundwater could result in high arsenic concentrations in cooked rice. The main objective of this study was to estimate the total and inorganic arsenic intakes in a rural population of West Bengal through both drinking water and cooked rice. Simulated cooking of rice with different levels of arsenic species in the cooking water was carried out. The presence of arsenic in the cooking water in four arsenic species (arsenite, arsenate, methylarsonate, or dimethylarsinate) and three total arsenic concentrations (50, 250, or 500 μg L-1) were assayed. Arsenic concentration in cooked rice was always higher than that in raw rice and ranged from 227 to 1642 μg kg-1. The cooking process did not change arsenic speciation in rice. Cooked rice contributed a mean of 41 % to the daily intake of inorganic arsenic. The daily inorganic arsenic intakes for water plus rice were 229, 1024, and 2000 μg day-1 for initial arsenic concentrations in the cooking water of 50, 250, and 500 μg As L-1, respectively, while the tolerable daily intake is 150 μg day-1.
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