Forest Algebras
Résumé
If in a transformation semigroup we assume that the set being acted upon has a semigroup structure, then the transformation semigroup can be used to recognize languages of unranked trees. This observation allows us to examine the relationship connecting languages of unranked trees with standard algebraic concepts such as aperiodicity, idempotency, commutativity and wreath product. In particular, we give algebraic characterizations of first-order logic, chain logic, CTL* and PDL. These do not, however, yield decidability results.
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