Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography

Julia Kemppinen (1) , Jonas Lembrechts , Koenraad van Meerbeek , Jofre Carnicer , Nathalie Isabelle Chardon , Paul Kardol , Jonathan Lenoir (2) , Daijun Liu , Ilya Maclean , Jan Pergl , Patrick Saccone , Rebecca Senior , Ting Shen , Sandra Słowińska , Vigdis Vandvik , Jonathan von Oppen , Juha Aalto , Biruk Ayalew , Olivia Bates , Cleo Bertelsmeier , Romain Bertrand , Rémy Beugnon (3, 4, 5) , Jeremy Borderieux , Josef Brůna , Lauren Buckley , Jelena Bujan , Angelica Casanova-Katny , Ditte Marie Christiansen , Flavien Collart , Emiel de Lombaerde , Karen de Pauw , Leen Depauw , Michele Di Musciano , Raquel Díaz Borrego , Joan Díaz-Calafat , Diego Ellis-Soto , Raquel Esteban , Geerte Fälthammar de Jong , Elise Gallois , Maria Begoña Garcia , Loïc Gillerot , Caroline Greiser , Eva Gril (2) , Stef Haesen , Arndt Hampe , Per‐ola Hedwall , Gabriel Hes , Helena Hespanhol , Raúl Hoffrén , Kristoffer Hylander , Borja Jiménez-Alfaro , Tommaso Jucker , David Klinges , Joonas Kolstela , Martin Kopecký , Bence Kovács , Eduardo Eiji Maeda , František Máliš , Matěj Man , Corrie Mathiak , Eric Meineri , Ilona Naujokaitis-Lewis , Ivan Nijs , Signe Normand , Martin Nuñez , Anna Orczewska , Pablo Peña-Aguilera , Sylvain Pincebourde (6) , Roman Plichta , Susan Quick , David Renault (7) , Lorenzo Ricci , Tuuli Rissanen , Laura Segura-Hernández , Federico Selvi , Josep Serra-Diaz , Lydia Soifer , Fabien Spicher (2) , Jens‐christian Svenning , Anouch Tamian , Arno Thomaes , Marijke Thoonen , Brittany Trew , Stijn van de Vondel , Liesbeth van den Brink , Pieter Vangansbeke , Sanne Verdonck , Michaela Vitkova , Maria Vives-Ingla , Loke von Schmalensee , Runxi Wang , Jan Wild , Joseph Williamson , Florian Zellweger , Xiaqu Zhou , Emmanuel Junior Zuza , Pieter de Frenne (8)

1 Université d'Oulu
2 EDYSAN - Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 UPJV
3 iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research
4 LIM - Leipziger Institut für Meteorologie
5 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
6 IRBI - Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte
7 ECOBIO - Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes]
8 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University

Abstract Brief introduction: What are microclimates and why are they important? Microclimate science has developed into a global discipline. Microclimate science is increasingly used to understand and mitigate climate and biodiversity shifts. Here, we provide an overview of the current status of microclimate ecology and biogeography in terrestrial ecosystems, and where this field is heading next. Microclimate investigations in ecology and biogeography We highlight the latest research on interactions between microclimates and organisms, including how microclimates influence individuals, and through them populations, communities and entire ecosystems and their processes. We also briefly discuss recent research on how organisms shape microclimates from the tropics to the poles. Microclimate applications in ecosystem management Microclimates are also important in ecosystem management under climate change. We showcase new research in microclimate management with examples from biodiversity conservation, forestry and urban ecology. We discuss the importance of microrefugia in conservation and how to promote microclimate heterogeneity. Methods for microclimate science We showcase the recent advances in data acquisition, such as novel field sensors and remote sensing methods. We discuss microclimate modelling, mapping and data processing, including accessibility of modelling tools, advantages of mechanistic and statistical modelling and solutions for computational challenges that have pushed the state‐of‐the‐art of the field. What's next? We identify major knowledge gaps that need to be filled for further advancing microclimate investigations, applications and methods. These gaps include spatiotemporal scaling of microclimate data, mismatches between macroclimate and microclimate in predicting responses of organisms to climate change, and the need for more evidence on the outcomes of microclimate management.

Mots clés: animal ecology; biodiversity; biogeography; climate change; data acquisition; ecosystem management; microclimate; modelling; plant ecology

Domaines: Sciences de l'environnement

Julia Kemppinen, Jonas Lembrechts, Koenraad van Meerbeek, Jofre Carnicer, Nathalie Isabelle Chardon, et al.. Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024, ⟨10.1111/geb.13834⟩. ⟨hal-04538376⟩