, view of endocarp showing the reticulate pattern of ridges, Holotype specimen in basal view showing the trace left by the peduncle
, Lateral view of another specimen (MNHN.F.44564.) showing a comparable reticulum
, SEM view of ridges showing trace left by vascular bundles (MNHN.F.44655.)
, SEM transverse view of wall and ridge (MNHN.F.44697.)
, SEM transverse view showing the basal sclerotic layer and locule epidermal layer with papillae in contact with seed cells, p.44607
, SEM view of the vascular bundle (arrow) inside the endocarp wall (MNHN.F.44601.). of endocarp showing the reticulum of ridges and sub-apical horn-like protrusions, p.44562
, Same in dorsal view showing the keel surrounding the fruit
, Same in lateral view showing the second face of endocarp
, Same in apical view showing the ridges and sub-apical horn-like protrusions
, Same in basal view showing the trace left by the peduncle
, Lateral view of another specimen (MNHN.F.44556.)
, SEM view of reticulum of ridges showing tearing of primary layer (MNHN.F.44628.)
, Same in transverse view of wall and ridge
, SEM view of locule epiderma layer showing numerous sessile, rounded papillae view of seed showing smooth surface and asymmetrical apex, vol.10
, SEM view of broken apex of seeds (MNHN.F.44731.)
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, , vol.10, p.272, 1872.
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, Total 152 species and 23 genera
, Epicarp : indumentum type
, Glabrous =>, vol.37
, Pilose =>, vol.38
, Pubescent =>, vol.39
,
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => 41
, Homogeneous => Natsiatum herpeticum Buch.-Ham. ex Arn
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Lavigeria macrocarpa (Oliv.) Pierre Homogeneous => Cassinopsis madagascariensis Baill
, Endocarp : Apex structure
, Absent =>, vol.42
, Horns =>, vol.43
, Pores =>, vol.44
, Endocarp : Apex structure
, Absent => Stachyanthus donisii (Boutique) Boutique
, Horns => Miquelia assamica (Griff.) Mast. ex B.D.Jacks. Pores => Miquelia celebica Blume
, Epicarp : indumentum type
,
, Strigose => Miquelia caudata King 23 Epicarp : additionnal structure (?): Apex elongate => Pyrenacantha anhydathoda (Villiers) Byng & Utteridge Cap at the apex inflated => Pyrenacantha gossweileri (Exell) Byng & Utteridge 24 Epicarp : indumentum type
,
, Epicarp : indumentum type
,
,
, Pits : arrangement (?): In longitudinal lines => Pyrenacantha cordicula Villiers Random => Pyrenacantha laetevirens Sleumer 27 Locule : microtomography (?): Smooth => Pyrenacantha staudtii
Tubercle apex : morphology (?): Not elaborated (more or less rounded or pointed) => Pyrenacantha capitata H.Perrier Capitate (Swollen head) => Pyrenacantha humblotii, Baill. ex Grandid.) Sleumer ,
, Endocarp : Presence of a keel (?): Yes => 46
, Shallow mound invagination : shape
,
, Endocarp : Apex structure (?): Horns => Phytocrene palmata Wall
, Pores =>, vol.49
, Endocarp: hairs (?): Yes => Pleurisanthes flava Sandwith No => 50
, Endocarp : Apex structure (?): Horns => Sarcostigma kleinii Wight & Arn
, Pores => Mappianthus iodoides Hand.-Mazz
, Bulge => Nothapodytes pittosporoides (Oliv.) Sleumer
, Locule : hairs (?): Yes => Lavigeria macrocarpa
, Endocarp wall cells : orientation (?): Periclinal OR Anticlinal => 52
,
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Sarcostigma kleinii Wight & Arn
, Homogeneous => Iodes seguinii (H.Lév.) Rehder 37 Ridges : number reaching the base
, Tubercle apex : morphology (?): Not elaborated (more or less rounded or pointed) => Pyrenacantha glabrescens
,
,
, Epicarp hair : type (?): Long and thin => Phytocrene oblonga Wall. Cluster of hairs => Phytocrene anomala Merr
, Endocarp : shape in lateral view (?): Elliptical => 73
,
, Smooth => 74
, Papillate =>, vol.75
, Epicarp : indumentum type
,
, Pubescent =>, vol.76
,
Smooth => Mappia longipes Lundell Papillate => Sarcostigma paniculata Pierre 53 Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Dendrobangia boliviana Rusby Homogeneous => Cassinopsis ilicifolia ,
, Yes => Miquelia assamica (Griff.) Mast. ex B.D.Jacks. No => Pittosporopsis kerrii Craib 55 Ridges : shape
, Fruit: gynophore
, Yes => Miquelia assamica (Griff.) Mast. ex B.D.Jacks. No => Hosiea japonica Makino 57 Fruit: gynophore
, Baill. ex Grandid.) Sleumer
, Ridges : secondary
, Yes => Pyrenacantha thomsoniana (Bail.) Byng & Utteridge No => Pyrenacantha macrocarpa (A. Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalziel) Byng & Utteridge 59 Ridges : secondary
, Yes => Pyrenacantha soyauxii (Engl.) Byng & Utteridge No => Pyrenacantha macrocarpa (A. Chev. ex Hutch. & Dalziel) Byng & Utteridge 60 Endocarp : width, p.81
, Locule : microtomography
, Smooth => Stachyanthus occidentalis (Keay & É. Miège) Boutique
,
, Endocarp : ridging pattern
, Reticulate =>, vol.82
, Diffuse =>, vol.83
, Epicarp : additionnal structure (?): None => 84
, Apex elongate => 85
, Cap at the apex inflated => Pyrenacantha gossweileri (Exell) Byng & Utteridge 64 Ridges : shape
, Rounded =>, vol.86
, Sharp =>, vol.87
,
, Endocarp : ridging pattern
, Reticulate =>, vol.88
,
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Iodes klaineana Pierre Homogeneous => Iodes kamerunensis Engl
, Ridges : number reaching the base (?): 2 => Iodes liberica Stapf 6 => Iodes africana Welw
, Ridges : secondary (?): Yes => Iodes philippinensis Merr
, Smooth => 90
,
, Locule : microtomography
, Papillate => Pyrenacantha puberula Boutique 71 Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Pyrenacantha lebrunii Boutique No => Pyrenacantha acuminata Engl
, Papillae : shape
, Rounded => 92
,
, Vertical ridges : number
,
,
, Endocarp : Apex structure
, Absent =>, vol.93
, Horns => Desmostachys vogelii (Miers) Stapf Pores => Platea parvifolia Merr. & Chun Bulge => 94
, Papillae : shape (?): Rounded => Sarcostigma paniculata Pierre Large => Rhyticaryum macrocarpum Becc
, Smooth => 95
,
, Endocarp : ridging pattern
, Diffuse => 97
, Endocarp : ridging pattern
,
, Ridges : secondary (?): Yes => Phytocrene hirsuta Blume No => Phytocrene bracteata Wall
, Endocarp : ridging pattern
, Diffuse => 99
, Locule : microtomography
, Smooth =>, vol.100
, Papillate =>, vol.101
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Hosiea japonica Makino Homogeneous => Desmostachys oblongifolius (Engl.) Villiers 83 Ridges : secondary (?): Yes => Stachyanthus zenkeri Engl
, No => Desmostachys vogelii
, Fruit: gynophore
, No => Stachyanthus donisii (Boutique) Boutique
, Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Pyrenacantha kaurabassana Baill
, Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Miquelia caudata King No => 103
, Locule : microtomography
, Smooth => Desmostachys oblongifolius
, Papillate =>, vol.104
, Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Miquelia caudata King No => Alsodeiopsis mannii Oliv
, Epicarp : indumentum type
,
,
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Icacina trichantha Oliv
,
, Ridges : secondary (?): Yes => Iodes balansae Gagnep
, No => Iodes scandens (Becc.) Utteridge & Byng 92 Endocarp : shape in lateral view (?): Elliptical => Pyrenacantha ambrensis Labat
,
, Endocarp : Presence of a keel (?): Yes => 105
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => Desmostachys planchonianus Miers Homogeneous => Nothapodytes nimmoniana, J.Graham) Mabb
, Endocarp : Apex structure
, Horns => Icacina oliviformis (Poir.) J.Raynal Pores => Icacina mannii Oliv
, Areoles : freely ending ridgelets
, Yes => Hosiea sinensis (Oliv.) Hemsl. & E.H. Wilson Rare or No => Rhyticaryum macrocarpum Becc
, Endocarp: thicker than wide (?): Yes => Cassinopsis ciliata Baker No => 107
, Locule : microtomography (?): Smooth => Pyrenacantha cordicula Villiers Papillate => 108
, Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Pyrenacantha puberula Boutique No => Pyrenacantha sylvestris S.Moore 100 Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Pyrenacantha laetevirens Sleumer No => Pyrenacantha staudtii (Engl.) Engl
, Ridges : secondary
, Yes => Pyrenacantha anhydathoda (Villiers) Byng & Utteridge No => 109
, Endocarp : ridging pattern (?): Diffuse => Pyrenacantha vogeliana Baill
, Endocarp wall : layers (?): Divided into distinctive units => 110
, Homogeneous => Natsiatum herpeticum Buch.-Ham. ex Arn
, Endocarp : ridging pattern
,
, Epicarp : indumentum type
,
, Endocarp : shape in transverse section
, Lenticular => Mappia multiflora Lundell Triangular => Dendrobangia boliviana Rusby 107 Endocarp : Apex structure (?): Absent => Rhyticaryum oleraceum Becc
,
, Endocarp : Apex structure (?): Absent => Pyrenacantha lebrunii Boutique Pores => Miquelia celebica Blume
, Papillae : shape
, Rounded =>, vol.112
,
, Endocarp : Apex structure (?): Absent => Rhyticaryum fasciculatum Becc
,
, Fruit: gynophore (?): Yes => Miquelia caudata King No => 113
, Endocarp : Apex structure (?): Absent => Pyrenacantha longirostrata Villiers Horns => Miquelia assamica
, Papillae : shape
,
, Klaine 3505, Gabon, 1904, MNHN-P-P03951995. Iodes balansae Gagnep
, Indo-chine, Iodes cirrhosa Turcz. B. Hayata, vol.672, 1921.
MNHN-P-P04472113; McPherson 18809 (MO) ,
, Iodes perrieri Sleumer Perrier De La Bâthie 17843, MNHN-P-P04472108. Iodes philippinensis Merr. A.D.E. Elmer 16418, Phillipines, 1916, MNHN-P-P04504850. Iodes scandens (Becc.) Utteridge and Byng No voucher, 1926.
, Iodes seguinii (H.Lév.) Rehder Abbé Cavalerie 3932, Chine, 1913.
, Ovary locule/ Plurilocular; Unilocular, 20 Pollen ornamentation/ Baculate; Clavate; Echinate; Gemmate; Granulate; Reticulate
21 Pollen size/ Small; Tall, 22 Pollen aperture/ Colpate; Colporate ,
, P04556278. Ericales. Rhododendron simsii Planch, p.4505977, 1937.
, Savatier 531, vol.841, p.4472060
Letouzey 11516, Cameroun, 1972, P04495898 ; Cassinopsis madagascariensis Bail, P05039952. Icacinales. Alsodeiopsis poggei Engl, vol.62, p.6672329, 1924. ,
Lavigeria macrocarpa (Oliv.) Pierre, Le Testu 4487, Yalinga, 1923, P04494816; Lavigeria macrocarpa (Oliv.) Pierre, Tisserant 2354, Bouhko, 1976, P04494814; Leretia cordata Vell, vol.4445, 1968. ,
, P00181264 ; Pleurisanthes flava Sandwith, Werff & Vasquez 13898, vol.3472, 1644.
Didier 1016, France, 1949, P04436090; Metteniusales. Emmotum nitens (Benth,) Miers, Irwin et al. 27399, Brasil, 1970. ,
Asplund 10211, Equator, p.6590944, 1940. ,
Liang 65285, Hainan, 1934, P06669774. Poraqueiba sericea Tul., Sastre 2476, Colombie, 1973, P05279040; Solanales. Hydrolea corymbosa Elliott, Howard 12951, Florida, 1952, P04054102, 1947. ,
, Endocarp: shape in transverse section -(0) Elliptical (1) Lenticular (2)Globulose (3)Triangular
, Endocarp: apex structure
, Endocarp: ridging pattern -(0)Diffuse (1)Reticulate (2)Striate
, Pit: shape -(0) Mainly circular (1)Occasionally elongate (2)Primarily elongate 12 Endocarp surface: vascularisation -(0)Resting on ridges (1)Resting between ridges mounds
, , p.0
, Locul: hairs -(0)Yes
, Tubercle: morphology -(0)Conical (1)Peg shaped (2)Spiny (3)Cylindrical (4)Elongateflattened (5)Shallow mound not protrude beyond wall (6) parallel sided protuberances 19 Tubercle apex: morphology -(0)Capitate Swollen head
, Papillae: shape -(0)Rounded (1)Sessile rounded (2)Large
, Endocarp wall: layers -(0)Divided into distinctive layers (1)Homogeneous
, Endocarp wall cells: orientation -(0)Anticlinal (1)Periclinal (2)Isodiametric
, , p.0
, , p.4495916, 1969.
, P, p.4495893, 1859.
, P, vol.48, p.4495907, 1986.
, P, vol.4485, p.4495897, 1962.
, (P). Cassinopsis madagascariensis Baill, C. Farron, vol.4577, p.4495914, 1965.
, , vol.5162, p.724815, 1999.
, , vol.4810, p.4561628, 2003.
,
, P, vol.4658, p.4561629, 2003.
Hosiea japonica Makino Okudai 60474. Icacina mannii Oliv, J. Koechlin, vol.2334, p.4495011, 1155. ,
, J. Koechlin, vol.633, p.4495012, 1950.
, Iodes cirrhosa Turcz. B, vol.489, p.4495007
, Hayata 672, P, p.6672331, 1921.
, , vol.6622, p.6672332
, Iodes klaineana Pierre R, P. Klaine, vol.3064, p.4472306, 1902.
Lavigeria macrocarpa (Oliv, vol.606, p.4098, 1983. ,
,
, Letowsey, vol.8970, 1968.
, N. Hallé, vol.3734, p.4494807, 1966.
Wieringa 5840, Cameroon, WAG. 1398985 (WAG). Leretia cordata Vell, 2007. ,
, , p.1343377, 1987.
, Centre Orstom, vol.4687, p.4513543, 1904.
Cuba, s.d., P04513544 (P). Mappianthus iodoides Hand.-Mazz, 1389. ,
, , 1093.
P) ; Cavalerie 1518, China, s.d., P05274868 (P), Malay, issue.L, p.2289517, 1933. ,
, Thwaites 492, Ceylan, s.d., P04513579 (P)
No voucher, Borneo, 1979, L.2289394 (L), Pleurisanthes flava Sandwith J. J. Pipoly, vol.10168, p.5279044, 1987. ,
, Rhyticaryum macrocarpum Becc. W. Vink 11381, vol.475, p.2293146, 1961.
, Sarcostigma paniculata Pierre E
, DDS 14047, vol.6677, p.6807857, 1923.
, Stachyanthus zenkeri Engl. Carvalho, vol.3626, p.5030978, 1988.
, Oncothecaceae Oncotheca balansae Baill. H.S. Mackee, vol.37671, p.180992, 1979.
, P, p.4513313, 1838.
, P, vol.927, p.4513320, 1993.
, Brazil, p.4513269, 1974.
, Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn, p.4518074, 1936.
, , vol.114, p.5279728, 1997.
, , p.379386, 1212.
,
, P, p.44068, 1933.
,
, P, p.5279690, 2009.
, , vol.527, p.5279702, 2000.