Characterization of reemerging chikungunya virus.

Marion Sourisseau (1) , Clémentine Schilte (2) , Nicoletta Casartelli (1) , Céline Trouillet (1) , Florence Guivel-Benhassine (1) , Dominika Rudnicka (1) , Nathalie Sol-Foulon (1) , Karin Le Roux (3) , Marie-Christine Prevost (4) , Hafida Fsihi (5) , Marie-Pascale Frenkiel (6) , Fabien Blanchet (1) , Philippe V Afonso (7) , Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi (7) , Simona Ozden (7) , Antoine Gessain (7) , Isabelle Schuffenecker (8) , Bruno Verhasselt (9) , Alessia Zamborlini (10) , Ali Saïb (10) , Félix A. Rey (11) , Fernando Arenzana-Seisdedos (12) , Philippe Desprès (6) , Alain Michault (3) , Matthew L Albert (2) , Olivier Schwartz (1)

1 Virus et Immunité
2 Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques
3 Laboratoire de Microbiologie
4 Microscopie électronique (Plate-forme)
5 Département Infection et Epidémiologie - Department of Infection and Epidemiology
6 Interactions Moléculaires Flavivirus-Hôtes
7 Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes
8 UBIVE - Biologie des Infections Virales Émergentes - Biology of Emerging Viral Infections
9 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University
10 Hôpital Saint-Louis
11 Virologie Structurale
12 Pathogénie Virale Moléculaire

An unprecedented epidemic of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection recently started in countries of the Indian Ocean area, causing an acute and painful syndrome with strong fever, asthenia, skin rash, polyarthritis, and lethal cases of encephalitis. The basis for chikungunya disease and the tropism of CHIKV remain unknown. Here, we describe the replication characteristics of recent clinical CHIKV strains. Human epithelial and endothelial cells, primary fibroblasts and, to a lesser extent, monocyte-derived macrophages, were susceptible to infection and allowed viral production. In contrast, CHIKV did not replicate in lymphoid and monocytoid cell lines, primary lymphocytes and monocytes, or monocyte-derived dendritic cells. CHIKV replication was cytopathic and associated with an induction of apoptosis in infected cells. Chloroquine, bafilomycin-A1, and short hairpin RNAs against dynamin-2 inhibited viral production, indicating that viral entry occurs through pH-dependent endocytosis. CHIKV was highly sensitive to the antiviral activity of type I and II interferons. These results provide a general insight into the interaction between CHIKV and its mammalian host.

Domaines: Virologie

Marion Sourisseau, Clémentine Schilte, Nicoletta Casartelli, Céline Trouillet, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, et al.. Characterization of reemerging chikungunya virus.. PLoS Pathogens, 2007, 3 (6), pp.e89. ⟨10.1371/journal.ppat.0030089⟩. ⟨pasteur-00161827⟩