M. Altabet and R. François, Sedimentary nitrogen isotopic ratio as a recorder for surface ocean nitrate utilization, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.34, issue.1, pp.103-116, 1994.
DOI : 10.1029/93GB03396

Z. Anka and M. Séranne, Reconnaissance study of the ancient Zaire (Congo) deep-sea fan. (ZaiAngo Project), Marine Geology, vol.209, issue.1-4, pp.223-244, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.margeo.2004.06.007

A. J. Andersson and F. T. Mackenzie, Shallow-Water Oceans: A Source or Sink of Atmospheric CO 2 ?, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol.2, issue.7, pp.348-353, 2004.
DOI : 10.2307/3868359

N. Babonneau, B. Savoye, M. Cremer, and B. Klein, Morphology and architecture of the present canyon and channel system of the Zaire deep-sea fan, Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol.19, issue.4, pp.445-467, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0264-8172(02)00009-0

F. Béhar, V. Beaumont, B. De, and H. L. Penteado, Rock-Eval 6 Technology: Performances and Developments, Oil & Gas Science and Technology, vol.56, issue.2, pp.111-134, 2001.
DOI : 10.2516/ogst:2001013

W. H. Berger, Global maps of ocean productivity, Productivity of the Ocean: Present and Past, pp.429-455, 1989.

P. E. Biscaye and R. F. Andersson, Fluxes of particulate matter on the slope of the southern Middle Atlantic Bight: SEEP-II. Deep-sea Res, pp.459-509, 1994.

S. Bourdon, F. Laggoun-défarge, O. Maman, J. Disnar, B. Guillet et al., Organic matter sources and early diagenetic degradation in a tropical peaty marsh (Tritrivakely, Madagascar). Implications for environmental reconstruction during the Sub-Atlantic, Organic Geochemistry, vol.31, issue.5, pp.421-438, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00010-3

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00091221

D. J. Burdige, Burial of terrestrial organic matter in marine sediments: A re-assessment, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.407, issue.4, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2004GB002368

M. A. Caja and A. Permanyer, Significance of organic matter in Eocene turbidite sediments (SE Pyrenees, Spain), Naturwissenschaften, vol.23, issue.11, pp.1073-1077, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00114-008-0416-6

S. E. Calvert, T. F. Pedersen, and R. E. Karlin, Geochemical and isotopic evidence for post-glacial palaeoceanographic changes in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, Marine Geology, vol.174, issue.1-4, pp.287-305, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00156-0

G. L. Cowie, J. I. Hedges, F. G. Prahl, D. Lange, and G. J. , Elemental and major biochemical changes across an oxidation front in a relict turbidite: An oxygen effect, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.59, issue.1, pp.33-46, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(94)00329-K

A. Coynel, P. Seyler, H. Etcheber, M. Meybeck, and D. Orange, Spatial and seasonal dynamics of total suspended sediment and organic carbon species in the Congo River, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.238, issue.3, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2004GB002335

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00324594

M. Dagg, R. Benner, S. Lohrenz, and D. Lawrence, Transformation of dissolved and particulate materials on continental shelves influenced by large rivers: plume processes, Continental Shelf Research, vol.24, issue.7-8, pp.833-858, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2004.02.003

I. Deniau, J. R. Disnar, F. Baudin, and J. P. Houzay, in press. Characterization of the organic matter of the Oligocene (Chattian) turbiditic fine grained deposits, offshore Angola, Organic Geochemistry

B. Dennielou and J. Jouanneau, Ages and duration of sedimentary objects and sediment accumulation rates on the recent channel-levee and terminal lobes of the Zaire deep-sea fan, Key results of the integrated study of the modern Zaire/Congo Fan (ZaïAngo Project). TOTAL

J. R. Disnar, J. Jacob, M. Morched-issa, N. Lottier, and F. Arnaud, Assessment of peat quality by molecular and bulk geochemical analysis: Application to the Holocene record of the Chautagne marsh (Haute Savoie, France), Chemical Geology, vol.254, issue.1-2, pp.101-112, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00310963

L. Droz, F. Rigaut, P. Cochonat, and R. Tofani, Morphology and recent evolution of the Zaire turbidite system (Gulf of Guinea), Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.108, issue.3, pp.253-269, 1996.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1996)108<0253:MAREOT>2.3.CO;2

J. Espitalié, G. Deroo, and F. Marquis, La pyrolyse Rock-Eval et ses applications, Partie I. Rev. Inst. Fr. Pétrole, vol.5, pp.40-563, 1985.

A. Gervais, T. Mulder, B. Savoye, S. Migeon, and M. Cremer, Recent processes of levee formation on the Zaire deep-sea fan, Comptes Rendus de l'Acad??mie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science, vol.332, issue.6, pp.371-378, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01550-6

M. A. Goni, K. C. Ruttenberg, and T. I. Eglinton, Sources and contribution of terrigenous organic carbon to surface sediments in the Gulf of Mexico, Nature, vol.389, issue.6648, pp.275-278, 1997.
DOI : 10.1038/38477

J. I. Hedges and D. C. Mann, The characterization of plant tissues by their lignin oxidation products, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.43, issue.11, pp.1803-1807, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(79)90028-0

J. I. Hedges and J. M. Oades, Comparative organic geochemistries of soils and marine sediments, Organic Geochemistry, vol.27, issue.7-8, pp.319-361, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00056-9

J. I. Hedges, R. G. Keil, and R. Benner, What happens to terrestrial organic matter in the ocean?, Organic Geochemistry, vol.27, issue.5-6, pp.195-212, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00066-1

B. C. Heezen, R. J. Menzies, E. D. Schneider, W. M. Ewing, and N. C. Granelli, Congo submarine canyon, Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol. Bull, vol.48, pp.1126-1149, 1964.

E. Holmes, P. J. Müller, R. R. Schneider, M. Segl, J. Pätzold et al., Stable nitrogen isotopes in Angola Basin surface sediments, Marine Geology, vol.134, issue.1-2, pp.1-12, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0025-3227(96)00031-X

J. Holtvoeth, S. Kolonic, and T. Wagner, Soil organic matter as an important contributor to Late Quaternary sediments of the tropical West African continental margin, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.69, issue.8, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2004.09.030

A. Y. Huc, P. Bertrand, D. A. Stow, J. Gayet, and M. Vandenbroucke, Organic sedimentation in deep offshore settings: the Quaternary sediments approach, Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol.18, issue.4, pp.513-517, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0264-8172(00)00069-6

A. Khripounoff, A. Vangriesheim, N. Babonneau, P. Crassous, B. Dennielou et al., Direct observation of intense turbidity current activity in the Zaire submarine valley at 4000 m water depth, Marine Geology, vol.194, issue.3-4, pp.151-158, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0025-3227(02)00677-1

M. Kinga-mouzeo, Transport particulaire actuel du fleuve Congo et de quelques affluents : enregistrement quaternaire dans l'éventail détritique profond (sédimentologie, minéralogie et géochimie), p.261, 1986.

E. Lafargue, F. Marquis, and D. Pillot, Rock-Eval 6 Applications in Hydrocarbon Exploration, Production, and Soil Contamination Studies, Revue de l'Institut Fran??ais du P??trole, vol.53, issue.4, pp.421-437, 1998.
DOI : 10.2516/ogst:1998036

S. Lindblom and U. Järnberg, Organic geochemistry of lipids in marine sediments in the Canary Basin: Implications for origin and accumulation of organic matter, Z. Aizenshtat, M.J, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S1873-9881(04)80029-4

A. Mariotti, F. Gadel, P. Giresse, and M. Kinga-mouzeo, Carbon isotope composition and geochemistry of particulate organic matter in the Congo River (Central Africa): Application to the study of Quaternary sediments off the mouth of the river, Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience section, vol.86, issue.4, pp.345-357, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0168-9622(91)90016-P

F. Marseille, J. R. Disnar, B. Guillet, and Y. Noack, n-Alkanes and free fatty acids in humus and A1 horizons of soils under beech, spruce and grass in the Massif-Central (Mont-Loz??re), France, European Journal of Soil Science, vol.21, issue.3, pp.433-441, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00243.x

O. Martins and J. L. Probst, Biogeochemistry of major African rivers: carbon and minerals transport, Biogeochemistry of Major World Rivers, 1991.

M. Meybeck and A. Ragu, River discharges to the oceans: an assessment of suspended solids, major ions, and nutrients, environment information and assessment report, 1996.

P. A. Meyers, J. Silliman, and T. J. Shaw, Effects of turbidity flows on organic matter accumulation, sulfate reduction, and methane generation in deep-sea sediments on the Iberia Abyssal Plain, Organic Geochemistry, vol.25, issue.1-2, pp.1-2, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(96)00106-4

S. Migeon, B. Savoye, N. Babonneau, and F. Spy-andersson, Processes of Sediment-Wave Construction Along the Present Zaire Deep-Sea Meandering Channel: Role of Meanders and Flow Stripping, Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol.74, issue.4, pp.580-598, 2004.
DOI : 10.1306/091603740580

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00407335

J. D. Milliman, Flux and fate of fluvial sediment and water in coastal seas Ocean margin processes in global change, J. Wiley and sons, pp.69-91, 1991.

P. J. Müller, R. R. Schneider, and G. Ruhland, Late Quaternary PCO2 Variations in the Angola Current: Evidence from Organic Carbon ??13C and Alkenone Temperatures, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-78737-9_15

. Zahn, Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean'role in Global Change, NATO ASI. Ser. C, I 17, pp.343-366

N. 'kounkou, R. R. Probst, and J. L. , Hydrology and geochemistry of the Congo River system, Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers, 1987.

M. Perdue, J. F. Koprivnjak, and K. E. Peters, Using the C/N ratio to estimate terrigenous inputs of organic matter to aquatic environments, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol.73, issue.1-2, pp.65-72, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.12.021

D. J. Piper, Turbidite muds and silts on deep sea fans and abyssal plains Sedimentation in submarine canyons, fans and trenches, 1978.

A. Saller, R. Lin, and J. Dunham, Leaves in turbidite sands: The main source of oil and gas in the deep-water Kutei Basin, Indonesia, AAPG Bulletin, vol.90, issue.10, pp.1585-1608, 2006.
DOI : 10.1306/04110605127

B. Savoye, N. Babonneau, B. Dennielou, and M. Bez, Geological overview of the Angola???Congo margin, the Congo deep-sea fan and its submarine valleys, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, vol.56, issue.23, pp.2169-2182, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.04.001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00429479

J. Servain, J. Picaut, and M. J. , Evidence of Remote Forcing in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.12, issue.5, pp.457-463, 1982.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1982)012<0457:EORFIT>2.0.CO;2

A. Spitzy and V. Ittekkot, Dissolved and particulate organic matter in rivers, Eds) Ocean Margin Processes in Global Change, pp.5-17, 1991.

D. A. Stow, . A. Huc, and P. Bertrand, Depositional processes of black shales in deep water, Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol.18, issue.4, pp.491-498, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0264-8172(01)00012-5

B. P. Tissot and D. H. Welte, Petroleum formation and occurrence, 1984.

C. Treignier, S. Derenne, and A. Saliot, Terrestrial and marine n-alcohol inputs and degradation processes relating to a sudden turbidity current in the Zaire canyon, Organic Geochemistry, vol.37, issue.9, pp.1170-1184, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.03.010

R. V. Tyson, Sedimentary organic matter: organic facies and palynofacies, 1995.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-011-0739-6

A. J. Van-bennekom and G. W. Berger, Hydrography and silica budget of the Angola Basin, Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, vol.17, issue.2-4, pp.149-200, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0077-7579(84)90047-4

A. Vangriesheim, A. Krhipounoff, and P. Crassous, Turbidity events observed in situ along the Congo submarine channel.Deep-Sea Research, Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, pp.2208-2222, 2009.

B. Voituriez and A. Herbland, Primary production in the tropical Atlantic Ocean mapped from oxygen values of Equalant 1 and 2 (1963), Bull. Mar. Sci, vol.31, pp.853-863, 1981.

H. Watanabe and M. Akiyama, Characterization of organic matter in the Miocene turbidites and hemipelagic mudstones in the Niigata oil field, central Japan, Organic Geochemistry, vol.29, issue.1-3, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00082-5

J. W. Weijer, S. Schouten, E. Schefuss, R. R. Schneider, S. Damsté et al., Disentangling marine, soil and plant organic carbon contributions to continental margin sediments: A multi-proxy approach in a 20,000 year sediment record from the Congo deep-sea fan, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.73, issue.1, pp.119-132, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2008.10.016

A. Wetzel, The transfer of river load to deep-sea fans: a quantitative approach, AAPG Bull, vol.77, pp.1679-1692, 1993.