D. Vecchio, A. , T. Ferrara, M. Maglione, L. Capasso et al., New perspectives in respiratory syncitial virus infection, J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med, vol.26, pp.55-59, 2013.

N. I. Mazur, F. Martinón-torres, E. Baraldi, B. Fauroux, A. Greenough et al., Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network (ReSViNET). 2015. Lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus: current management and new therapeutics, Lancet Respir. Med, vol.3, pp.888-900

H. Nair, D. J. Nokes, B. D. Gessner, M. Dherani, S. A. Madhi et al., Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Lancet, vol.375, pp.1545-1555, 2010.

J. A. Espinoza, K. Bohmwald, P. F. Céspedes, R. S. Gómez, S. A. Riquelme et al., Impaired learning resulting from respiratory syncytial virus infection, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol.110, pp.9112-9117, 2013.

M. Eisenhut, Cerebral involvement in respiratory syncytial virus disease, Brain Dev, vol.29, p.454, 2007.

P. F. Céspedes, E. Rey-jurado, J. A. Espinoza, C. A. Rivera, G. Canedomarroquín et al., A single, low dose of a cGMP recombinant BCG vaccine elicits protective T cell immunity against the human respiratory syncytial virus infection and prevents lung pathology in mice, Vaccine, vol.35, pp.757-766, 2017.

B. C. Shook and K. Lin, Recent advances in developing antiviral therapies for respiratory syncytial virus, Top Curr Chem (J), vol.375, p.40, 2017.

E. Rey-jurado and A. M. Kalergis, Immunological features of respiratory syncytial virus-caused pneumonia-implications for vaccine design, Int. J. Mol. Sci, vol.18, p.556, 2017.

G. Kikuchi, T. Yoshida, and M. Noguchi, Heme oxygenase and heme degradation, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, vol.338, pp.558-567, 2005.

J. A. Espinoza, P. A. González, and A. M. Kalergis, Modulation of antiviral immunity by heme oxygenase-1, Am. J. Pathol, vol.187, pp.487-493, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02153859

F. M. Konrad, U. Knausberg, R. Höne, K. C. Ngamsri, and J. Reutershan, Tissue heme oxygenase-1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation, Mucosal Immunol, vol.9, pp.98-111, 2016.

C. Chauveau, S. Rémy, P. J. Royer, M. Hill, S. Tanguy-royer et al., Heme oxygenase-1 expression inhibits dendritic cell maturation and proinflammatory function but conserves IL-10 expression, Blood, vol.106, pp.1694-1702, 2005.

H. Pae, G. Oh, B. Choi, S. Chae, Y. Kim et al., Carbon monoxide produced by heme oxygenase-1 suppresses T cell proliferation via inhibition of IL-2 production, J. Immunol, vol.172, pp.4744-4751, 2004.

S. Tzima, P. Victoratos, K. Kranidioti, M. Alexiou, and G. Kollias, Myeloid heme oxygenase-1 regulates innate immunity and autoimmunity by modulating IFN-beta production, J. Exp. Med, vol.206, pp.1167-1179, 2009.

Y. Shan, R. W. Lambrecht, S. E. Donohue, and H. L. Bonkovsky, Role of Bach1 and Nrf2 in up-regulation of the heme oxygenase-1 gene by cobalt protoporphyrin, FASEB J, vol.20, pp.2651-2653, 2006.

J. A. Espinoza, P. A. González, and A. M. Kalergis, Modulation of antiviral immunity by heme oxygenase-1, Am. J. Pathol, vol.187, pp.487-493
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02153859

P. Ewing, A. Wilke, G. Eissner, E. Holler, R. Andreesen et al., Expression of heme oxygenase-1 protects endothelial cells from irradiationinduced apoptosis, Endothelium, vol.12, pp.113-119, 2005.

M. K. Sardana and A. Kappas, Dual control mechanism for heme oxygenase: tin(IV)-protoporphyrin potently inhibits enzyme activity while markedly increasing content of enzyme protein in liver, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, vol.84, pp.2464-2468, 1987.

D. Witherden, N. Van-oers, C. Waltzinger, A. Weiss, C. Benoist et al., Tetracycline-controllable selection of CD4(+) T cells: half-life and survival signals in the absence of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, J. Exp. Med, vol.191, pp.355-364, 2000.

K. Inaba, M. Inaba, N. Romani, H. Aya, M. Deguchi et al., Generation of large numbers of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, J. Exp. Med, vol.176, pp.1693-1702, 1992.

S. M. Bueno, P. A. González, K. M. Cautivo, J. E. Mora, E. D. Leiva et al., Protective T cell immunity against respiratory syncytial virus is efficiently induced by recombinant BCG, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol.105, pp.20822-20827, 2008.

S. A. Riquelme, S. M. Bueno, and A. M. Kalergis, Carbon monoxide down-modulates Toll-like receptor 4/MD2 expression on innate immune cells and reduces endotoxic shock susceptibility, Immunology, vol.144, pp.321-332, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02149644

H. S. Jafri, S. Chávez-bueno, A. Mejías, A. M. Gómez, A. M. Ríos et al., Respiratory syncytial virus induces pneumonia, cytokine response, airway obstruction, and chronic inflammatory infiltrates associated with long-term airway hyperresponsiveness in mice, J. Infect. Dis, vol.189, pp.1856-1865, 2004.

C. E. Bunse, V. Fortmeier, S. Tischer, E. Zilian, C. Figueiredo et al., Modulation of heme oxygenase-1 by metalloporphyrins increases anti-viral T cell responses, Clin. Exp. Immunol, vol.179, pp.265-276, 2015.

M. B. Battles, J. P. Langedijk, P. Furmanova-hollenstein, S. Chaiwatpongsakorn, H. M. Costello et al., Molecular mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors, Nat. Chem. Biol, vol.12, pp.87-93, 2016.

S. M. Currie, E. G. Findlay, A. J. Mcfarlane, P. M. Fitch, B. Böttcher et al., Cathelicidins have direct antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and protective function in vivo in mice and humans, J. Immunol, vol.196, pp.2699-2710, 2016.

N. Srinivasakumar, P. L. Ogra, and T. D. Flanagan, Characteristics of fusion of respiratory syncytial virus with HEp-2 cells as measured by R18 fluorescence dequenching assay, J. Virol, vol.65, pp.4063-4069, 1991.

V. Tardif, S. A. Riquelme, S. Remy, L. J. Carreño, C. M. Cortés et al., Carbon monoxide decreases endosome-lysosome fusion and inhibits soluble antigen presentation by dendritic cells to T cells, Eur. J. Immunol, vol.43, pp.2832-2844, 2013.
DOI : 10.1002/eji.201343600

J. P. Mackern-oberti, C. Llanos, L. J. Carreño, S. A. Riquelme, S. H. Jacobelli et al., Carbon monoxide exposure improves immune function in lupus-prone mice, Immunology, vol.140, pp.123-132, 2013.
DOI : 10.1111/imm.12124

URL : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/imm.12124

T. Simon, P. I.-anegon, and . Blancou, Heme oxygenase and carbon monoxide as an immunotherapeutic approach in transplantation and cancer, Immunotherapy, vol.3, issue.4, pp.15-18, 2011.

A. M. Choi and J. Alam, Heme oxygenase-1: function, regulation, and implication of a novel stress-inducible protein in oxidant-induced lung injury, Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol, vol.15, pp.9-19, 1996.

A. A. Chora, P. Fontoura, A. Cunha, T. F. Pais, S. Cardoso et al., Heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide suppress autoimmune neuroinflammation, J. Clin. Invest, vol.117, pp.438-447, 2007.
DOI : 10.1172/jci28844

URL : http://www.jci.org/articles/view/28844/files/pdf

Y. Drechsler, A. Dolganiuc, O. Norkina, L. Romics, W. Li et al., Heme oxygenase-1 mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of acute alcohol on IL-10 induction involving p38 MAPK activation in monocytes, J. Immunol, vol.177, pp.2592-2600, 2006.

E. Lehmann, W. H. El-tantawy, M. Ocker, R. Bartenschlager, V. Lohmann et al., The heme oxygenase 1 product biliverdin interferes with hepatitis C virus replication by increasing antiviral interferon response, Hepatology, vol.51, pp.398-404, 2010.

S. A. Riquelme, L. J. Carreño, J. A. Espinoza, J. P. Mackern-oberti, M. M. Alvarez-lobos et al., Modulation of antigen processing by haem-oxygenase 1. Implications on inflammation and tolerance, Immunology, vol.149, pp.1-12, 2016.
DOI : 10.1111/imm.12605

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-02149178

K. M. Cautivo, S. M. Bueno, C. M. Cortes, A. Wozniak, C. A. Riedel et al., Efficient lung recruitment of respiratory syncytial virusspecific Th1 cells induced by recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin promotes virus clearance and protects from infection, J. Immunol, vol.185, pp.7633-7645, 2010.

P. A. Dennery, Signaling function of heme oxygenase proteins, Antioxid. Redox Signal, vol.20, pp.1743-1753, 2014.
DOI : 10.1089/ars.2013.5674

URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3961771?pdf=render

N. G. Abraham and A. Kappas, Pharmacological and clinical aspects of heme oxygenase, Pharmacol. Rev, vol.60, pp.79-127, 2008.
DOI : 10.1124/pr.107.07104

S. W. Ryter, L. E. Otterbein, D. Morse, and A. M. Choi, Heme oxygenase/ carbon monoxide signaling pathways: regulation and functional significance, Mol. Cell. Biochem. 234, vol.235, pp.249-263, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4615-1087-1_29

M. Constantin, A. J. Choi, S. M. Cloonan, and S. W. Ryter, Therapeutic potential of heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide in lung disease, Int. J. Hypertens, p.859235, 2012.

P. Blancou, V. Tardif, T. Simon, S. Rémy, L. Carreño et al., Immunoregulatory properties of heme oxygenase-1, Methods Mol. Biol, vol.677, pp.247-268, 2011.

J. P. Mackern-oberti, S. A. Riquelme, C. Llanos, C. B. Schmidt, T. Simon et al., Heme oxygenase-1 as a target for the design of gene and pharmaceutical therapies for autoimmune diseases, Curr. Gene Ther, vol.14, pp.218-235, 2014.

S. W. Chung, X. Liu, A. A. Macias, R. M. Baron, and M. A. Perrella, Heme oxygenase-1-derived carbon monoxide enhances the host defense response to microbial sepsis in mice, J. Clin. Invest, vol.118, pp.239-247, 2008.

S. W. Chung, S. R. Hall, and M. A. Perrella, Role of haem oxygenase-1 in microbial host defence, Cell. Microbiol, vol.11, pp.199-207, 2009.

T. Hashiba, M. Suzuki, Y. Nagashima, S. Suzuki, S. Inoue et al., Adenovirus-mediated transfer of heme oxygenase-1 cDNA attenuates severe lung injury induced by the influenza virus in mice, Gene Ther, vol.8, pp.1499-1507, 2001.

L. L. Ma, H. Q. Wang, P. Wu, J. Hu, J. Q. Yin et al., Rupestonic acid derivative YZH-106 suppresses influenza virus replication by activation of heme oxygenase-1-mediated interferon response, Free Radic Biol Med, vol.96, pp.347-361, 2016.

N. W. Cummins, E. A. Weaver, S. M. May, A. J. Croatt, O. Foreman et al., Heme oxygenase-1 regulates the immune response to influenza virus infection and vaccination in aged mice, FASEB J, vol.26, pp.2911-2918, 2012.

Y. Becker, Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) evades the human adaptive immune system by skewing the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance toward increased levels of Th2 cytokines and IgE, markers of allergy-a review, Virus Genes, vol.33, pp.235-252, 2006.

S. Choudhary, S. Boldogh, R. Garofalo, M. Jamaluddin, and A. R. Brasier, Respiratory syncytial virus influences NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression through a novel pathway involving MAP3K14/NIK expression and nuclear complex formation with NF-kappaB2, J. Virol, vol.79, pp.8948-8959, 2005.

X. H. Xie, N. Zang, S. M. Li, L. J. Wang, Y. Deng et al., Resveratrol Inhibits respiratory syncytial virus-induced IL-6 production, decreases viral replication, and downregulates TRIF expression in airway epithelial cells, Inflammation, vol.35, pp.1392-1401, 2012.

K. R. Brunt, M. R. Tsuji, J. H. Lai, R. T. Kinobe, W. Durante et al., Heme oxygenase-1 inhibits pro-oxidant induced hypertrophy in HL-1 cardiomyocytes, Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood), vol.234, pp.582-594, 2009.

D. Willis, A. R. Moore, R. Frederick, and D. A. Willoughby, Heme oxygenase: a novel target for the modulation of the inflammatory response, Nat. Med, vol.2, pp.87-90, 1996.

H. Y. Cho, F. Imani, L. Miller-degraff, D. Walters, G. A. Melendi et al., Antiviral activity of Nrf2 in a murine model of respiratory syncytial virus disease, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med, vol.179, pp.138-150, 2009.

T. Kambayashi and T. M. Laufer, Atypical MHC class II-expressing antigen-presenting cells: can anything replace a dendritic cell?, Nat. Rev. Immunol, vol.14, pp.719-730, 2014.

P. A. González, C. E. Prado, E. D. Leiva, L. J. Carreño, S. M. Bueno et al., Respiratory syncytial virus impairs T cell activation by preventing synapse assembly with dendritic cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol.105, pp.14999-15004, 2008.

A. E. Bharucha, A. Kulkarni, K. M. Choi, M. Camilleri, M. Lempke et al., First-inhuman study demonstrating pharmacological activation of heme oxygenase-1 in humans, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther, vol.87, pp.187-190, 2010.