Could caregiver reporting adherence help detect virological failure in Cameroonian early treated HIV-infected infants?

Francis Ateba Ndongo 1, * Josiane Warszawski 2 Gaetan Texier 3 Ida Penda 4 Suzie Tetang Ndiang 5 Jean-Audrey Ndongo 1 Georgette Guemkam 1 Casimir Ledoux Sofeu 6 Anfumbom Kfutwah 7 Albert Faye 8, 9 Philippe Msellati 10 Mathurin Cyrille Tejiokem 6
* Auteur correspondant
1 Centre Mère et Enfant de la Fondation Chantal Biya
2 CESP - Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations
3 SESSTIM - Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale
4 Nutrition and Dietetics, Pediatrics & Infectious Diseases
5 Service de Pédiatrie
6 Service d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique
7 Service de Virologie
8 USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité
9 Service de pédiatrie générale
10 GReCSS - IRD UMI233
MMSH - Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'Homme
Abstract : AbstractBackgroundViral load is still the marker of choice for monitoring adherence to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and confirming the success of HIV treatment. Unfortunately it is difficult to access in many resource-poor settings. We aimed to measure the performance of caregiver reporting adherence for detecting virological failure in routine practice during the first 2 years after cART initiation in infants.MethodsPEDIACAM is an ongoing prospective cohort study including HIV1-infected infants diagnosed before 7 months of age between November 2007 and October 2011 in Cameroon. Adherence was assessed using a questionnaire administered every 3 months from cART initiation; the HIV-RNA viral load was determined at the same visits. Virological failure was defined as having a viral load ≥ 1000 cp/mL at 3 and 12 months after cART initiation or having a viral load ≥ 400 cp/mL at 24 months after cART initiation. The performance of each current missed and cumulative missed dose defined according to adherence as reported by caregiver was assessed using the viral load as the gold standard.ResultscART was initiated at a median age of 4 months (IQR: 3–6) in the 167 infants included. The cumulative missed dose showed the best overall performance for detecting virological failure after 12 months of cART (AUC test, p = 0.005, LR + =4.4 and LR− = 0.4). Whatever the adherence reporting criterion, the negative predictive value was high (NPV ≥ 75 %) 12 and 24 months after cART initiation, whereas the positive predictive value was low (PPV ≤ 50 %).ConclusionsThe adherence questionnaire administered by the health care provider to the infants’ caregivers is not reliable for detecting virological failure in routine practice: its positive predictive value is low. However, the cumulative missed dose measurement may be a reliable predictor of virological success, particularly after 12 months of cART, given its high negative predictive value.
Keywords : Virological failure Resource-limited settings Antiretroviral therapy Infants Adherence reporting
Type de document :
Article dans une revue
BMC Pediatrics, BioMed Central, 2015, 15 (1), pp.132. <10.1186/s12887-015-0451-3>
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IRD | UNIV-AMU | MMSH | USPC | CESP | UVSQ | UNIV-PARIS-SACLAY

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Francis Ateba Ndongo, Josiane Warszawski, Gaetan Texier, Ida Penda, Suzie Tetang Ndiang, et al.. Could caregiver reporting adherence help detect virological failure in Cameroonian early treated HIV-infected infants?. BMC Pediatrics, BioMed Central, 2015, 15 (1), pp.132. <10.1186/s12887-015-0451-3>. <inserm-01264484>

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