Using sickness absence records to predict future depression in a working population: prospective findings from the GAZEL cohort.

Maria Melchior (1) , Jane E. Ferrie (2) , Kristina Alexanderson (3) , Marcel Goldberg (1) , Mika Kivimaki (2) , Archana Singh-Manoux (1, 2) , Jussi Vahtera (4) , Hugo Westerlund (5) , Marie Zins (6) , Jenny Head (2)

1 Santé publique et épidémiologie des déterminants professionnels et sociaux de la santé
2 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health
3 Section of Personal Injury Prevention
4 Unit of Excellence for Psychosocial Factors
5 Stress Research Institute
6 Equipe RPPC

OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that sickness absence from work predicts workers' risk of later depression. METHODS: Study participants (n = 7391) belonged to the French GAZEL cohort of employees of the national gas and electricity company. Sickness absence data (1996-1999) were obtained from company records. Participants' depression in 1996 and 1999 was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. The analyses were controlled for baseline age, gender, marital status, occupational grade, tobacco smoking status, alcohol consumption, subthreshold depressive symptoms, and work stress. RESULTS: Among workers who were free of depression in 1996, 13% had depression in 1999. Compared with workers with no sickness absence during the study period, those with sickness absence were more likely to be depressed at follow-up (for 1 period of sickness absence, fully adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28, 1.82; for 2 or more periods, fully adjusted OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.61, 2.36). Future depression was predicted both by psychiatric and nonpsychiatric sickness absence (fully adjusted OR = 3.79 [95% CI = 2.81, 5.10] and 1.41 [95% CI = 1.21, 1.65], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Sickness absence records may help identify workers vulnerable to future depression.

Domaines: Santé publique et épidémiologie

Maria Melchior, Jane E. Ferrie, Kristina Alexanderson, Marcel Goldberg, Mika Kivimaki, et al.. Using sickness absence records to predict future depression in a working population: prospective findings from the GAZEL cohort.. American Journal of Public Health, 2009, 99 (8), pp.1417-22. ⟨10.2105/AJPH.2008.142273⟩. ⟨inserm-00406809⟩