A curvilinear tongue articulatory model
Résumé
The construction of articulatory models from medical images of the vocal tract, especially X-ray images, relies on the application of an articulatory grid before deriving deformation modes via some factor analysis method. One difficulty faced with the classical semi-polar grid is that some tongue contours do not intersect the grid giving rise to incomplete input vectors, and consequently poor tongue modeling in the front part of the mouth cavity which plays an important role in the articulation of many consonants. First, this paper describes preparation of data, i.e. drawing or tracking articulator contours, compensation for head movements. Then it presents two coordinate systems used to represent and model tongue contours. The first is an adaptive polar grid whose center is a landmark attached to the mandible and the second consists of using curvilinear coordinates. Both offer the advantage of capturing the forward movement of the tongue apex better than other models. Furthermore, the curvilinear model enables any tongue shape, particularly those presenting a sublingual cavity, to be modeled correctly.
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