Appartenances multiples. Opinion plurielle
Résumé
The book proposes a sociological model of plural opinion which explains how an actor can uphold two different opinions on the same issue. It is grounded on well known theories to show that in uncertain situation an actor forms an opinion by discussing in interpersonal relations and that these relations, embedded in normatively heterogeneous social circles, push him to agree with various opinions on the same topic. The works of B.Lahire and J.C.Kaufman are presented as well as researches on political behaviour and knowledge about Aids. Recent researches on discussing networks (about health, cancer, aids, or public facilities) bring empirical support to the model and present new method more pertinent to develop a cognitive sociology which stands apart as well of methodological individualism as of holism.
L'ouvrage propose un modèle sociologique de l'opinion plurielle qui explique comment un acteur peut avoir deux opinions différentes sur le même sujet. Il s'appuie sur des théories classiques pour montrer qu'en situation d'incertitude un acteur se forme une opinion dans des relations de discussion et que celles-ci, insérées dans des cercles sociaux porteurs de visions du monde hétérogènes, le conduisent à adopter des opinons variées sur le même sujet. Les approches de B.Lahire et de J.C.Kauffman sont discutées ainsi que des analyses du vote politique et des représentations du sida. La présentation de recherches récentes sur des réseaux de discussion (sur la santé, le cancer, le sida, des équipements publics) apporte un soutien empirique au modèle, mais propose aussi de nouvelles méthodes plus pertinentes pour développer une sociologie cognitive qui se situe en rupture aussi bien avec l'individualisme méthodologique qu'avec le holisme.
Mots clés
The book proposes a sociological model of plural opinion which explains how an actor can uphold two different opinions on the same issue. It is grounded on well known theories to show that in uncertain situation an actor forms an opinion by discussing in interpersonal relations and that these relations
embedded in normatively heterogeneous social circles
push him to agree with various opinions on the same topic. The works of B.Lahire and J.C.Kaufman are presented as well as researches on political behaviour and knowledge about Aids. Recent researches on discussing networks (about health
cancer
or public facilities) bring empirical support to the model and present new method more pertinent to develop a cognitive sociology which stands apart as well of methodological individualism as of holism. Multiple affiliations
interactionism
social networks
health
aids