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Article Dans Une Revue Physical Review Letters Année : 2023

Phase structure of electroweak vacuum in a strong magnetic field: the lattice results

Résumé

Using first-principle lattice simulations, we demonstrate that in the background of a strong magnetic field (around 10^{20} T), the electroweak sector of the vacuum experiences two consecutive crossover transitions associated with dramatic changes in the zero-temperature dynamics of the vector W bosons and the scalar Higgs particles, respectively. Above the first crossover, we observe the appearance of large, inhomogeneous structures consistent with a classical picture of the formation of W and Z condensates pierced by vortices. The presence of the W and Z condensates supports the emergence of the exotic superconducting and superfluid properties induced by a strong magnetic field in the vacuum. We find evidence that the vortices form a disordered solid or a liquid rather than a crystal. The second transition restores the electroweak symmetry. Such conditions can be realized in the near-horizon region of the magnetized black holes.
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Dates et versions

hal-03718392 , version 1 (13-12-2022)

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M.N. Chernodub, V.A. Goy, A.V. Molochkov. Phase structure of electroweak vacuum in a strong magnetic field: the lattice results. Physical Review Letters, 2023, 130 (11), pp.111802. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.111802⟩. ⟨hal-03718392⟩
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