Final Report of the MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2)
Michael Meyer
(1)
,
Gerhard Kminek
(2)
,
David Beaty
(3)
,
Brandi Lee Carrier
(3)
,
Timothy Haltigin
(4)
,
Lindsay Hays
(1)
,
Carl Agee
(5)
,
Henner Busemann
(6)
,
Barbara Cavalazzi
(7)
,
Charles Cockell
(8)
,
Vinciane Debaille
(9)
,
Daniel Glavin
(10)
,
Monica Grady
(11)
,
Ernst Hauber
(12)
,
Aurore Hutzler
(2)
,
Bernard Marty
(13)
,
Francis Mccubbin
(14)
,
Lisa Pratt
(15)
,
Aaron Regberg
(16)
,
Alvin Smith
(3)
,
Caroline Smith
(17, 18)
,
Roger Summons
(19)
,
Timothy Swindle
(20)
,
Kimberly Tait
(21)
,
Nicholas Tosca
(22)
,
Arya Udry
(23)
,
Tomohiro Usui
(24)
,
Michael Velbel
(25, 26)
,
Meenakshi Wadhwa
(27, 3)
,
Frances Westall
(28)
,
Maria-Paz Zorzano
(29)
1
NASA Headquarters
2 ESA - Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency
3 CALTECH - California Institute of Technology
4 CSA - Canadian Space Agency
5 The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque]
6 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
7 UNIBO - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna
8 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
9 ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles
10 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
11 OU - The Open University [Milton Keynes]
12 DLR - German Aerospace Center
13 CRPG - Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques
14 ARES - Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science
15 Indiana University [Bloomington]
16 JSC - NASA Johnson Space Center
17 NHM - The Natural History Museum [London]
18 University of Glasgow
19 MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
20 University of Arizona
21 Royal Ontario Museum
22 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
23 WGU Nevada - University of Nevada [Las Vegas]
24 JAXA - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara]
25 Michigan State University [East Lansing]
26 Smithsonian Institution
27 ASU - Arizona State University [Tempe]
28 CBM - Centre de biophysique moléculaire
29 University of Aberdeen
2 ESA - Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency
3 CALTECH - California Institute of Technology
4 CSA - Canadian Space Agency
5 The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque]
6 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
7 UNIBO - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna
8 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
9 ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles
10 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
11 OU - The Open University [Milton Keynes]
12 DLR - German Aerospace Center
13 CRPG - Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques
14 ARES - Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science
15 Indiana University [Bloomington]
16 JSC - NASA Johnson Space Center
17 NHM - The Natural History Museum [London]
18 University of Glasgow
19 MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
20 University of Arizona
21 Royal Ontario Museum
22 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
23 WGU Nevada - University of Nevada [Las Vegas]
24 JAXA - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara]
25 Michigan State University [East Lansing]
26 Smithsonian Institution
27 ASU - Arizona State University [Tempe]
28 CBM - Centre de biophysique moléculaire
29 University of Aberdeen
Barbara Cavalazzi
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 763255
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5135-9529
Vinciane Debaille
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 756973
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6544-4564
Ernst Hauber
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 755468
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1375-304X
Frances Westall
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 741728
- IdHAL : frances-westall
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1938-5823
- IdRef : 113956851
Résumé
The Mars Sample Return (MSR) Campaign must meet a series of scientific and technical achievements to be successful. While the respective engineering responsibilities to retrieve the samples have been formalized through a Memorandum of Understanding between ESA and NASA, the roles and responsibilities of the scientific elements have yet to be fully defined. In April 2020, ESA and NASA jointly chartered the MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2) to build upon previous planning efforts in defining 1) an end-to-end MSR Science Program and 2) needed functionalities and design requirements for an MSR Sample Receiving Facility (SRF). The challenges for the first samples brought from another planet include not only maintaining and providing samples in pristine condition for study, but also maintaining biological containment until the samples meet sample safety criteria for distribution outside of biocontainment. The MSPG2 produced six reports outlining 66 findings. Abbreviated versions of the five additional high-level MSPG2 summary findings are: Summary-1. A long-term NASA/ESA MSR Science Program, along with the necessary funding and human resources, will be required to accomplish the end-to-end scientific objectives of MSR. Summary-2. MSR curation will need to be done concurrently with Biosafety Level-4 containment. This would lead to complex first-of-a-kind curation implementations and require further technology development. Summary-3. Most aspects of MSR sample science can, and should, be performed on samples deemed safe in laboratories outside of the SRF. However, other aspects of MSR sample science are both time-sensitive and sterilization-sensitive and would need to be carried out in the SRF. Summary-4. To meet the unique science, curation, and planetary protection needs of MSR, substantial analytical and sample management capabilities would be required in an SRF. Summary-5. Because of the long lead-time for SRF design, construction, and certification, it is important that preparations begin immediately, even if there is delay in the return of samples.