Herpes simplex type 1 primo-infection and pregnancy, two cases of intra-uterine infection and revue of the literature

Y Mekki , J.-S Casalegno , Maxime Pichon (1) , M Bouscambert-Duchamp , C Clamadieu , G Billaud , E Frobert , D Combourieu , M Massoud , J Massardier , P Bolze , L Guibaud , F Plaisant , S Blanc , A Buenerd , O Claris , B Lina , P Gaucherand

1 VirPath - Virologie et pathologie humaine

Although 80% of the adult population is seropositive for HSV-1, we describe in this paper two cases of HSV-1 infection in utero illustrating the risk of HSV-1 associated with primary infection viremia. Clinical histories of these patients raise concerns with the question of the therapeutic management of gingivostomatitis HSV-1 in pregnant women. Sixty to eighty percent of the adult population is seropositive for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and 15% for HSV-2. Despite of this important seroprevalence, primary infection of the mother during pregnancy leading to fetal transmission are not rare. Most of HSV infections are neonatal and result from exposure to HSV in the genital tract during delivery [1]. Although in utero infection resulting from HSV viremia is rare and barely reported, we report here two cases of HSV-1 leading to premature labor at 25 WA (week of amenorrhea) and deaths of newborns, that are raising concern on the management of HSV primary infection during pregnancy.

Mots clés: Herpes Simplex; HSV1; Primoinfection; Pregnancy Complications; Intra-uterine infection; Gingivostomatis

Domaines: Maladies infectieuses; Virologie; Santé publique et épidémiologie

Y Mekki, J.-S Casalegno, Maxime Pichon, M Bouscambert-Duchamp, C Clamadieu, et al.. Herpes simplex type 1 primo-infection and pregnancy, two cases of intra-uterine infection and revue of the literature. Références en Gynécologie Obstétrique, 2014. ⟨hal-03591626⟩