On the dynamics of institutional agreements (2009)
Résumé
In this paper we investigate a logic for modelling individual and collective acceptances that is called acceptance logic. The logic has formulae of the form AG:x phi reading ‘if the agents in the set of agents G identify themselves with institution x then they together accept that phi'’. We extend acceptance logic by two kinds of dynamic modal operators. The first kind are public announcements of the form x!psi, meaning that the agents learn that psi is the case in context x. Formulae of the form [x!psi]phi mean that phi is the case after every possible occurrence of the event x!psi. Semantically, public announcements diminish the space of possible worlds accepted by agents and sets of agents. The announcement of in context x makes all not-psi-worlds inaccessible to the agents in such context. In this logic, if the set of accessible worlds of G in context x is empty, then the agents in G are not functioning as members of x, they do not identify themselves with x. In such a situation the agents in G may have the possibility to join x. To model this we introduce here a second kind of dynamic modal operator of acceptance shifting of the form G:x | psi. The latter means that the agents in G shift (change) their acceptances in order to accept psi in context x. Semantically, they make psi-worlds accessible to G in the context x, which means that, after such operation, G is functioning as member of x (unless there are no psi-worlds). We show that the resulting logic has a complete axiomatization in terms of reduction axioms for both dynamic operators. In the paper we also show how the logic of acceptance and its dynamic extension can be used to model some interesting aspects of judgement aggregation. In particular, we apply our logic of acceptance to a classical scenario in judgment aggregation, the so-called ‘doctrinal paradox’ or ‘discursive dilemma’ [31, 24].
