Enzymes involved in lipid digestion

A. Salhi (1, 2) , F. Carriere (3) , Myriam M.-L. Grundy (4) , A. Aloulou (1, 2)

1 Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie Enzymatique des Lipases
2 Université de Sfax - University of Sfax
3 BIP - Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines
4 UOR - University of Reading

Lipid digestion is a complex process that takes place at the lipid-water interface and involves various lipolytic enzymes present predominantly in the stomach and the small intestine [34]. These enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of a variety of dietary lipids from animal and plant sources, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs), phospholipids, galactolipids, cholesterol and vitamin esters. They include gastric lipase, colipase-dependent pancreatic lipase, pancreatic lipase-related proteins 2 (PLRP2), carboxyl ester hydrolase or bile salt-stimulated lipase (CEH, BSSL), and pancreatic phospholipase A2. A debate still exist about the existence of a lingual lipase in human [30, 86, 140], an enzyme that has been demonstrated to be present and active in rat and mice tongue only and which is the product of a gene ortholog [53] to the gene of gastric lipase [24] in humans and many other species. Bakala N’Goma et al. [12] have reviewed the key findings that support the existence of lingual or gastric lipases in several species in term of gene expression, enzyme immunocytolocalization and lipase activity. So far, no supporter of the existence of a lingual lipase in humans has been able to provide similar data.

Domaines: Biochimie [q-bio.BM]; Alimentation et Nutrition

A. Salhi, F. Carriere, Myriam M.-L. Grundy, A. Aloulou. Enzymes involved in lipid digestion. Myriam M.-L. Grundy; Peter J. Wilde. Bioaccessibility and digestibility of lipids from food, Springer International Publishing, pp.3-28, 2021, 978-3-030-56908-2. ⟨10.1007/978-3-030-56909-9_1⟩. ⟨hal-03146298⟩