Directional trends in species composition over time can lead to a widespread overemphasis of year‐to‐year asynchrony
Enrique Valencia
(1)
,
Francesco de Bello
(2)
,
Jan Lepš
(2, 3)
,
Thomas Galland
(2)
,
Anna E‐vojtkó
(2)
,
Luisa Conti
(4)
,
Jiří Danihelka
(5)
,
Jürgen Dengler
(6, 7)
,
David Eldridge
(8)
,
Marc Estiarte
(9)
,
Ricardo García‐gonzález
(10)
,
Eric Garnier
(11)
,
Daniel Gómez
(11)
,
Susan Harrison
(12)
,
Tomas Herben
(13)
,
Ricardo Ibáñez
(14)
,
Anke Jentsch
(7)
,
Norbert Juergens
(15)
,
Miklós Kertész
(16)
,
Katja Klumpp
(17, 18)
,
Frédérique Louault
(17, 18)
,
Rob Marrs
(19)
,
Gábor Ónodi
(16)
,
Robin Pakeman
(20)
,
Meelis Pärtel
(21)
,
Begoña Peco
(22)
,
Josep Peñuelas
(9)
,
Marta Rueda
(23)
,
Wolfgang Schmidt
(24)
,
Ute Schmiedel
(25)
,
Martin Schuetz
(26)
,
Hana Skalova
(27)
,
Petr Šmilauer
(2)
,
Marie Šmilauerová
(2)
,
Christian Smit
(28)
,
Ming‐hua Song
(29)
,
Martin Stock
(30)
,
James Val
(8)
,
Vigdis Vandvik
(31)
,
Karsten Wesche
(32)
,
Ben Woodcock
(33)
,
Truman Young
(12)
,
Fei‐hai Yu
(34)
,
Martin Zobel
(21)
,
Lars Götzenberger
(2)
1
URJC -
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid]
2 University of South Bohemia
3 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
4 CZU - Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
5 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
6 ZHAW - Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften = Zurich University of Applied Sciences
7 Universität Bayreuth
8 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
9 CREAF - Centre for Ecological Research and Applied Forestries
10 ICMA-CSIC - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón [Saragoza, España]
11 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
12 UC Davis - University of California [Davis]
13 UK - Univerzita Karlova [Praha, Česká republika] = Charles University [Prague, Czech Republic]
14 Clínica Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona]
15 Hamburg University of Applied Sciences [Hamburg]
16 MTA-ELTE Research Group for Geology, Geophysics and Space Sciences
17 UREP - Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR
18 INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement
19 University of Liverpool
20 The James Hutton Institute
21 University of Tartu
22 UAM - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
23 CNB-CSIC - Centro Nacional de Biotecnología [Madrid]
24 SUB Göttingen - Göttingen State and University Library
25 UKE - Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg]
26 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL
27 BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS - Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences
28 GELIFES - Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen]
29 CAS - Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing]
30 Wadden Sea Centre
31 UiB - University of Bergen
32 Museum of Natural History Görlitz
33 NERC - Natural Environment Research Council
34 Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology
2 University of South Bohemia
3 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
4 CZU - Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
5 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
6 ZHAW - Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften = Zurich University of Applied Sciences
7 Universität Bayreuth
8 UNSW - University of New South Wales [Sydney]
9 CREAF - Centre for Ecological Research and Applied Forestries
10 ICMA-CSIC - Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón [Saragoza, España]
11 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
12 UC Davis - University of California [Davis]
13 UK - Univerzita Karlova [Praha, Česká republika] = Charles University [Prague, Czech Republic]
14 Clínica Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona]
15 Hamburg University of Applied Sciences [Hamburg]
16 MTA-ELTE Research Group for Geology, Geophysics and Space Sciences
17 UREP - Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR
18 INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement
19 University of Liverpool
20 The James Hutton Institute
21 University of Tartu
22 UAM - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
23 CNB-CSIC - Centro Nacional de Biotecnología [Madrid]
24 SUB Göttingen - Göttingen State and University Library
25 UKE - Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg]
26 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL
27 BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS - Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences
28 GELIFES - Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen]
29 CAS - Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing]
30 Wadden Sea Centre
31 UiB - University of Bergen
32 Museum of Natural History Görlitz
33 NERC - Natural Environment Research Council
34 Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology
Enrique Valencia
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Francesco de Bello
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Jan Lepš
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Thomas Galland
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Anna E‐vojtkó
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Luisa Conti
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Jiří Danihelka
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Jürgen Dengler
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David Eldridge
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Marc Estiarte
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Ricardo García‐gonzález
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Eric Garnier
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Susan Harrison
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Tomas Herben
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Ricardo Ibáñez
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Norbert Juergens
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Miklós Kertész
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Katja Klumpp
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Frédérique Louault
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Gábor Ónodi
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Robin Pakeman
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Begoña Peco
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Josep Peñuelas
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Marta Rueda
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Wolfgang Schmidt
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Ute Schmiedel
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Hana Skalova
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Petr Šmilauer
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Marie Šmilauerová
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Christian Smit
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Ming‐hua Song
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James Val
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Karsten Wesche
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Ben Woodcock
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Truman Young
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Fei‐hai Yu
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Martin Zobel
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Lars Götzenberger
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Résumé
Questions: Compensatory dynamics are described as one of the main mechanisms that increase community stability, e.g., where decreases of some species on a year-to-year basis are offset by an increase in others. Deviations from perfect synchrony between species (asynchrony) have therefore been advocated as an important mechanism underlying biodiversity effects on stability. However, it is unclear to what extent existing measures of synchrony actually capture the signal of year-to-year species fluctuations in the presence of long-term directional trends in both species abundance and composition (species directional trends hereafter). Such directional trends may lead to a misinterpretation of indices commonly used to reflect year-to-year synchrony.
Methods: An approach based on three-term local quadrat variance (T3) which assesses population variability in a three-year moving window, was used to overcome species directional trend effects. This "detrending" approach was applied to common indices of synchrony across a worldwide collection of 77 temporal plant community datasets comprising almost 7,800 individual plots sampled for at least six years. Plots included were either maintained under constant "control" conditions over time or were subjected to different management or disturbance treatments.
Results: Accounting for directional trends increased the detection of year-to-year synchronous patterns in all synchrony indices considered. Specifically, synchrony values increased significantly in similar to 40% of the datasets with theT3 detrending approach while in similar to 10% synchrony decreased. For the 38 studies with both control and manipulated conditions, the increase in synchrony values was stronger for longer time series, particularly following experimental manipulation.
Conclusions: Species' long-term directional trends can affect synchrony and stability measures potentially masking the ecological mechanism causing year-to-year fluctuations. As such, previous studies on community stability might have overemphasised the role of compensatory dynamics in real-world ecosystems, and particularly in manipulative conditions, when not considering the possible overriding effects of long-term directional trends.
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)