SoilTemp: A global database of near‐surface temperature

Jonas Lembrechts (1) , Juha Aalto (2, 3) , Michael Ashcroft (4, 5) , Pieter de Frenne (6) , Martin Kopecký (7, 8) , Jonathan Roger Michel Henri Lenoir (9, 9) , Miska Luoto (3) , Ilya Maclean (10) , Olivier Roupsard (11, 12) , Eduardo Fuentes‐lillo (13, 14, 15) , Rafael García (13, 14) , Loïc Pellissier (16, 17) , Camille Pitteloud (16, 17) , Juha Alatalo (18) , Stuart Smith (19, 20) , Robert Björk (21) , Lena Muffler (22, 23) , Amanda Ratier Backes (24, 25) , Simone Cesarz (25, 26) , Felix Gottschall (26, 25) , Joseph Okello (6, 27, 28) , Josef Urban (29, 30) , Roman Plichta (29) , Martin Svátek (29) , Shyam Phartyal (31, 32) , Sonja Wipf (16) , Nico Eisenhauer (25, 26) , Mihai Pușcaș (33) , Pavel Turtureanu (33) , Andrej Varlagin (34) , Romina Dimarco (35) , Alistair Jump (36) , Krystal Randall (4) , Ellen Dorrepaal (37) , Keith Larson (37) , Josefine Walz (37) , Luca Vitale (38) , Miroslav Svoboda (8) , Rebecca Finger Higgens (39) , Aud Halbritter (40) , Salvatore Curasi (41) , Ian Klupar (41) , Austin Koontz (42) , William Pearse (43, 42) , Elizabeth Simpson (42) , Michael Stemkovski (42) , Bente Jessen Graae (19) , Mia Vedel Sørensen (19) , Toke Høye (44) , M. Rosa Fernández Calzado (45) , Juan Lorite (45) , Michele Carbognani (46) , Marcello Tomaselli (46) , t'Ai G.W. Forte (46) , Alessandro Petraglia (46) , Stef Haesen (47) , Ben Somers (47) , Koenraad van Meerbeek (47) , Mats Björkman (21) , Kristoffer Hylander (48) , Sonia Merinero (48) , Mana Gharun (17) , Nina Buchmann (17) , Jiri Dolezal (49, 7) , Radim Matula (8) , Andrew Thomas (50) , Joseph Bailey (51) , Dany Ghosn (52) , George Kazakis (52) , Miguel Pablo (53) , Julia Kemppinen (3) , Pekka Niittynen (3) , Lisa Rew (54) , Tim Seipel (54) , Christian Larson (54) , James Speed (19) , Jonas Ardö (55) , Nicoletta Cannone (56) , Mauro Guglielmin (56) , Francesco Malfasi (56) , Maaike Bader (57) , Rafaella Canessa (57) , Angela Stanisci (58) , Juergen Kreyling (22) , Jonas Schmeddes (22) , Laurenz Teuber (22) , Valeria Aschero (59, 60) , Marek Čiliak (61) , František Máliš (61) , Pallieter de Smedt (6) , Sanne Govaert (6) , Camille Meeussen (6) , Pieter Vangansbeke (6) , Khatuna Gigauri (62) , Andrea Lamprecht (63, 64) , Harald Pauli (64, 63) , Klaus Steinbauer (63, 64) , Manuela Winkler (64, 63) , Masahito Ueyama (65) , Martin Nuñez (66) , Tudor‐mihai Ursu (67) , Sylvia Haider (24, 23) , Ronja Wedegärtner (19) , Marko Smiljanic (22) , Mario Trouillier (22) , Martin Wilmking (22) , Jan Altman (7) , Josef Brůna (7) , Lucia Hederová (7) , Martin Macek (7) , Matěj Man (7) , Jan Wild (7) , Pascal Vittoz (68) , Meelis Pärtel (69) , Peter Barančok (70) , Róbert Kanka (70) , Jozef Kollár (70) , Andrej Palaj (70) , Agustina Barros (60) , Ana Mazzolari (60) , Marijn Bauters (6, 28) , Pascal Boeckx (28, 6) , José‐luis Benito Alonso (71) , Shengwei Zong (72) , Valter Di Cecco (73) , Zuzana Sitková (74) , Katja Tielbörger (75) , Liesbeth Brink (75) , Robert Weigel (23) , Jürgen Homeier (23) , C. Johan Dahlberg (48, 76) , Sergiy Medinets (77) , Volodymyr Medinets (77) , Hans de Boeck (1) , Miguel Portillo‐estrada (1) , Lore Verryckt (1) , Ann Milbau (78) , Gergana Daskalova (79) , Haydn Thomas (79) , Isla Myers‐smith (79) , Benjamin Blonder (80, 81) , Jörg Stephan (82) , Patrice Descombes (16, 17) , Florian Zellweger (16) , Esther Frei (16) , Bernard Heinesch (83) , Christopher Andrews (84) , Jan Dick (84) , Lukas Siebicke (23) , Adrian Rocha (41) , Rebecca Senior (85) , Christian Rixen (16) , Juan Jimenez (86) , Julia Boike (87, 88) , Aníbal Pauchard (13, 14) , Thomas Scholten (75) , Brett Scheffers (89) , David Klinges (89) , Edmund Basham (89) , Jian Zhang (90) , Zhaochen Zhang (90) , Charly Géron (83, 1) , Fatih Fazlioglu (91) , Onur Candan (91) , Jhonatan Sallo Bravo (92) , Filip Hrbacek (93) , Kamil Laska (93) , Edoardo Cremonese (94) , Peter Haase (95, 96) , Fernando Moyano (23) , Christian Rossi (97, 98, 16) , Ivan Nijs (1)

1 UA - University of Antwerp
2 FMI - Finnish Meteorological Institute
3 Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
4 University of Wollongong [Australia]
5 Australian Museum [Sydney]
6 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University
7 IB / CAS - Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences
8 CZU - Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
9 EDYSAN - Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058
10 University of Exeter
11 UMR Eco&Sols - Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes
12 IESOL - LMI IESOL Intensification Ecologique des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de l’Ouest [Dakar]
13 Universidad de Concepción - University of Concepcion [Chile]
14 IEB - Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad
15 UNACH - Universidad Adventista de Chile - Adventist University of Chile
16 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL
17 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
18 Qatar University
19 NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim]
20 Nanyang Technological University [Singapour]
21 GU - Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg
22 Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald
23 Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
24 Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
25 iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research
26 Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig
27 Mountains of the Moon University
28 Laboratory of Applied Physical Chemistry - ISOFYS (Gent, Belgium)
29 MENDELU - Mendel University in Brno
30 SibFU - Siberian Federal University
31 Nalanda University
32 HNBGU - Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University
33 UBB - Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca]
34 A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution
35 IFAB - Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche
36 University of Stirling
37 Umeå University
38 ISAFOM - Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo
39 Dartmouth College [Hanover]
40 UiB - University of Bergen
41 UND - University of Notre Dame [Indiana]
42 USU - Utah State University
43 Imperial College London
44 ARC - Arctic Research Centre [Aarhus]
45 UGR - Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
46 UNIPR - Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma
47 KU Leuven - Catholic University of Leuven = Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
48 Stockholm University
49 University of South Bohemia
50 Aberystwyth University
51 York St John University
52 CIHEAM-IAMC - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Chania
53 UAH - Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá
54 MSU - Montana State University
55 Skane University Hospital [Lund]
56 Uninsubria - Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese]
57 Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg
58 UNIMOL - Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise
59 UNCUYO - Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza]
60 CONICET-IANIGLA - Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza]
61 TUZVO - Technical University in Zvolen
62 GIPA - Georgian Institute of Public Affairs
63 OeAW - Austrian Academy of Sciences
64 BOKU - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche]
65 Osaka Prefecture University
66 INIBIOMA-CONICET - Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche]
67 INCDSB - National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences [Bucarest]
68 UNIL - Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne
69 University of Tartu
70 Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
71 Jolube Consultor Botánico
72 Northeast Normal University
73 Majella National Park - Parco Nazionale della Majella
74 National Forest Centre - Národné lesnícke centrum [Zvolen]
75 University of Tübingen
76 County Administrative Board of Västra Götaland
77 Odessa National I.I.Mechnikov University
78 INBO - Research Institute for Nature and Forest
79 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
80 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
81 ASU - Arizona State University [Tempe]
82 SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
83 Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux]
84 CEH - Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor]
85 Princeton University
86 ARAID - Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo
87 Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam]
88 HU Berlin - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin = Humboldt University of Berlin = Université Humboldt de Berlin
89 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
90 ECNU - East China Normal University [Shangaï]
91 Ordu University - Ordu Üniversitesi
92 UNSAAC - Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco
93 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
94 ARPA - Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency
95 Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
96 Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]
97 Swiss National Park - Parc Naziunal Svizzer
98 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich

Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long‐term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate‐forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to effects of observation height (e.g. vegetation, snow and soil characteristics) and in habitats varying in their exposure to radiation, moisture and wind (e.g. topography, radiative forcing or cold‐air pooling). Since organisms living close to the ground relate more strongly to these microclimatic conditions than to free‐air temperatures, microclimatic ground and near‐surface data are needed to provide realistic forecasts of the fate of such organisms under anthropogenic climate change, as well as of the functioning of the ecosystems they live in. To fill this critical gap, we highlight a call for temperature time series submissions to SoilTemp, a geospatial database initiative compiling soil and near‐surface temperature data from all over the world. Currently, this database contains time series from 7,538 temperature sensors from 51 countries across all key biomes. The database will pave the way toward an improved global understanding of microclimate and bridge the gap between the available climate data and the climate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions relevant to most organisms and ecosystem processes.

Mots clés: Climate change; Database; Ecosystem processes; Microclimate; Soil climate; Species distributions; Temperature; Topoclimate

Domaines: Biodiversité; Ecologie, Environnement; Milieux et Changements globaux; Biodiversité et Ecologie

Jonas Lembrechts, Juha Aalto, Michael Ashcroft, Pieter de Frenne, Martin Kopecký, et al.. SoilTemp: A global database of near‐surface temperature. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26 (11), pp.6616-6629. ⟨10.1111/gcb.15123⟩. ⟨hal-03003135⟩