Prostate Cancer and Asbestos: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frédéric Dutheil (1, 2, 3, 4) , Laetitia Zaragoza-Civale (2) , Bruno Pereira (5) , Martial Mermillod (6, 7) , Julien Steven Baker (8) , Jeannot Schmidt (9) , Fares Moustafa (9) , Valentin Navel (10)

1 LAPSCO - Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive
2 Service Santé Travail Environnement [CHU Clermont-Ferrand]
3 WittyFit
4 ACU - Australian Catholic University
5 Unité de Biostatistiques [CHU Clermont-Ferrand]
6 LPNC - Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition
7 IUF - Institut universitaire de France
8 Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
9 Pôle Urgences [CHU Clermont-Ferrand]
10 Service d'ophtalmologie [Clermont-Ferrand]

Introduction: Asbestos-related diseases and cancers represent a major public health concern. Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to demonstrate that asbestos exposure increases the risk of prostate cancer. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were searched using the keywords (prostate cancer OR prostatic neoplasm) AND (asbestos* OR crocidolite* OR chrysotile* OR amphibole* OR amosite*). To be included, articles needed to describe our primary outcome: Risk of prostate cancer after any asbestos exposure. Results: We included 33 studies with 15,687 cases of prostate cancer among 723,566 individuals. Asbestos exposure increased the risk of prostate cancer (effect size = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-1.15). When we considered mode of absorption, respiratory inhalation increased the risk of prostate cancer (1.10, 95% CI = 1.05-1.14). Both environmental and occupational exposure increased the risk of prostate cancer (1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.48; and 1.07, 1.04-1.10, respectively). For type of fibers, the amosite group had an increased risk of prostate cancer (1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19), and there were no significant results for the chrysotile/crocidolite group. The risk was higher in Europe (1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19), without significant results in other continents. Discussion: Asbestos exposure seems to increase prostate cancer risk. The main mechanism of absorption was respiratory. Both environmental and occupational asbestos exposure were linked to increased risk of prostate cancer. Conclusion: Patients who were exposed to asbestos should possibly be encouraged to complete more frequent prostate cancer screening.

Domaines: Cancer

Frédéric Dutheil, Laetitia Zaragoza-Civale, Bruno Pereira, Martial Mermillod, Julien Steven Baker, et al.. Prostate Cancer and Asbestos: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Permanente Journal, 2020, ⟨10.7812/TPP/19.086⟩. ⟨hal-02981005⟩